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Western philosophy refers to the philosophical thought, traditions and works of the Western world. Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of Western culture , beginning with the ancient Greek philosophy of the pre-Socratics .
Analytic philosopher, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, influential. Gabriel Marcel (1889–1973). Christian existentialist. Martin Heidegger (1889–1976). Phenomenologist. Antonio Gramsci (1891–1937). Marxist philosopher. Rudolf Carnap (1891–1970). Vienna Circle. Logical positivist. Walter Benjamin (1892–1940). Marxist ...
The history of philosophy is the systematic study of the development of philosophical thought. It focuses on philosophy as rational inquiry based on argumentation, but some theorists also include myth, religious traditions, and proverbial lore. Western philosophy originated with an inquiry into the fundamental nature of the cosmos in Ancient ...
Socrates (/ ˈ s ɒ k r ə t iː z /, [2] Ancient Greek: Σωκράτης, romanized: Sōkrátēs; c. 470 – 399 BC) was a Greek philosopher from Athens who is credited as the founder of Western philosophy [3] and as among the first moral philosophers of the ethical tradition of thought.
The history of philosophy is primarily concerned with theories based on rational inquiry and argumentation; some historians understand it in a looser sense that includes myths, religious teachings, and proverbial lore. [40] Influential traditions in the history of philosophy include Western, Arabic–Persian, Indian, and Chinese philosophy.
A Fabergé egg. Frankena in his list of values groups beauty with harmony, proportion and aesthetic experience. There are many different kinds of value that can be included in this category and Frankena himself distinguishes between "harmony and proportion in objects contemplated" and "harmony and proportion in one's own life". [15]
The origins of Western civilization can be traced back to the ancient Mediterranean world. Ancient Greece [d] and Ancient Rome [e] are generally considered to be the birthplaces of Western civilization—Greece having heavily influenced Rome—the former due to its impact on philosophy, democracy, science, aesthetics, as well as building designs and proportions and architecture; the latter due ...
Western culture continued to develop during the Middle Ages as reforms triggered by the medieval renaissances, the influence of the Islamic world via Al-Andalus and Sicily (including the transfer of technology from the East, and Latin translations of Arabic texts on science and philosophy by Greek and Hellenic-influenced Islamic philosophers ...