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The phylogeny of king crabs as hermit crabs who underwent secondary calcification and left their shell has been suspected since the late 1800s. [4] They are believed to have originated during the Early Miocene in shallow North Pacific waters, where most king crab genera – including all Hapalogastrinae – are distributed and where they exhibit a high amount of morphological diversity.
Maguimithrax spinosissimus, [2] also known as the Caribbean king crab, [3] West Indian spider crab, channel clinging crab, reef or spiny spider crab, and coral crab, is a species of spider crab that occurs throughout South Florida and across the Caribbean Islands.
Paralithodes camtschaticus P. camtschaticus can reach a leg span of 1.8 m (5.9 ft). The red king crab is the largest species of king crab. [2] Red king crabs can reach a carapace width up to 28 cm (11 in), a leg span of 1.8 m (5.9 ft), [3] and a weight of 12.7 kg (28 lb). [4] Males grow larger than females.
They can also grow to be an average size of 6–10 inches (15–25 cm), with a carapace, or the dorsal side of the exoskeleton, growing upwards of 12 inches (30 cm) wide. [1] This makes the Puget Sound king crab one of the largest crabs on the West Coast of the United States and yet it is still one of the hardest crab species to find.
Lithodes aequispinus, the golden king crab, also known as the brown king crab, is a king crab species native to the North Pacific. [2] Golden king crabs are primarily found in the Aleutian Islands and waters nearer to Alaska and British Columbia; their range also extends to the Russian far east and Japan, albeit with a less dense population.
Neolithodes grimaldii, the porcupine crab, [2] is a species of king crab in the family Lithodidae. This large red crab is found in cold deep waters in the North Atlantic and often caught as a bycatch in fisheries for Greenland turbot (Greenland halibut). As suggested by its common name, the carapace and legs are covered in long spines. [3]
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