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Electrokinetic phenomena are a family of several different effects that occur in heterogeneous fluids, or in porous bodies filled with fluid, or in a fast flow over a flat surface. The term heterogeneous here means a fluid containing particles.
visualized induced-charge electrokinetic flow pattern around a carbon-steel sphere (diameter = 1.2 mm). Four induced vortices are shown using fluorescent particles with a diameter of 1.90 μm. The DC electric field is applied from left to right and equals 40V/cm. The dashed line represents the particle boundary.
The electrokinetic phenomenon was observed for the first time in 1807 by Russian professors Peter Ivanovich Strakhov and Ferdinand Frederic Reuß at Moscow University, [4] who noticed that the application of a constant electric field caused clay particles dispersed in water to migrate.
In general, the phenomena relate to the direct conversion of electrical energy into kinetic energy, and vice versa. In the first instance, shaped electrostatic fields (ESF's) create hydrostatic pressure (HSP, or motion) in dielectric media. When such media are fluids, a flow is produced. If the dielectric is a vacuum or a solid, no flow is ...
Electrokinetic phenomena, a family of several different effects that occur in heterogeneous fluids; Zeta potential, a scientific term for electrokinetic potential; Electrokinetic remediation, a technique of using direct electrical current to remove particles from the soil; Electro-kinetic road ramp, a method of generating electricity
A streaming current and streaming potential are two interrelated electrokinetic phenomena studied in the areas of surface chemistry and electrochemistry. They are an electric current or potential which originates when an electrolyte is driven by a pressure gradient through a channel or porous plug with charged walls. [1] [2] [3]
where ε r is the dielectric constant of the dispersion medium, ε 0 is the permittivity of free space (C 2 N −1 m −2), η is dynamic viscosity of the dispersion medium (Pa s), and ζ is zeta potential (i.e., the electrokinetic potential of the slipping plane in the double layer, units mV or V).
The "Biefeld–Brown effect" was the name given to a phenomenon observed by Thomas Townsend Brown while he was experimenting with X-ray tubes during the 1920s while he was still in high school. When he applied a high voltage electrical charge to a Coolidge tube that he placed on a scale, Brown noticed a difference in the tube's mass depending ...