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  2. Theophylline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophylline

    Theophylline is metabolized extensively in the liver. [2] It undergoes N-demethylation via cytochrome P450 1A2. It is metabolized by parallel first order and Michaelis-Menten pathways. Metabolism may become saturated (non-linear), even within the therapeutic range. Small dose increases may result in disproportionately large increases in serum ...

  3. Dog health - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_health

    The health of dogs is a well studied ... together with caffeine and theophylline, ... The antifreeze itself is not toxic, but is metabolized via the liver to the ...

  4. List of veterinary drugs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_veterinary_drugs

    amitriptyline – tricyclic antidepressant used to treat separation anxiety, excessive grooming dogs and cats; amlodipine – calcium channel blocker used to decrease blood pressure; amoxicillin – antibacterial; apomorphine – emetic (used to induce vomiting) artificial tears – lubricant eye drops used as a tear supplement

  5. Theobromine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theobromine

    Caffeine is metabolized in the liver into three primary metabolites: paraxanthine (84%), theobromine (12%), and theophylline (4%) [citation needed] Even without dietary intake, theobromine may occur in the body as it is a product of the human metabolism of caffeine , which is metabolised in the liver into 12% theobromine, 4% theophylline , and ...

  6. Paraxanthine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraxanthine

    Paraxanthine, also known as 1,7-dimethylxanthine, is a metabolite of theophylline and theobromine, two well-known stimulants found in coffee, tea, and chocolate mainly in the form of caffeine. It is a member of the xanthine family of alkaloids, which includes theophylline, theobromine and caffeine.

  7. CYP1A2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP1A2

    The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. CYP1A2 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and its expression is induced by some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), some of which are found in cigarette smoke.

  8. CYP2E1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP2E1

    Cytochrome P450 2E1 (abbreviated CYP2E1, EC 1.14.13.n7) is a member of the cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase system, which is involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics in the body. This class of enzymes is divided up into a number of subcategories, including CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3, which as a group are largely responsible for the breakdown ...

  9. Effect of psychoactive drugs on animals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effect_of_psychoactive...

    A study conducted by the Aquaculture Institute looked into the effects of cannabis oil on the metabolism and immune system of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). They found that cannabis has no measurable effect on the white blood cell count or plasma protein concentration, and therefore has no effect on the immune system of the Nile tilapia.

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