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Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (an insect of the order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae.The species is often referred to as the fruit fly or lesser fruit fly, or less commonly the "vinegar fly", "pomace fly", [a] [5] or "banana fly". [6]
The Mexican fruit fly goes through four stages of development (holometabolism or complete metamorphosis): egg, larvae, pupa, adult. The rate at which they mature is directly related to ambient environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. [11] The life cycle begins when the adult female lays her eggs.
Ceratitis capitata, commonly known as the Mediterranean fruit fly or medfly, is a yellow-and-brown fly native to sub-Saharan Africa. It has no near relatives in the Western Hemisphere and is considered to be one of the most destructive fruit pests in the world. [ 1 ]
Drosophila (/ d r ə ˈ s ɒ f ɪ l ə, d r ɒ-, d r oʊ-/ [1] [2]) is a genus of fly, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.
Anastrepha is the most diverse genus in the American tropics and subtropics. Currently, it comprises more than 300 described species, including nine major pest species, such as the Mexican fruit fly (A. ludens), the South American fruit fly (A. fraterculus complex), the West Indian fruit fly (), the sapote fruit fly (A. serpentina), the Caribbean fruit fly (A. suspensa), the American guava ...
Once the larvae hatch, they immediately begin feeding on the fruit. Following seven to ten days, the fruit matures and falls to the ground below, where the larvae pupates into the soil; emerging approximately one week later. [9] The adult flies take approximately three weeks to fully mature, making the full life cycle last roughly 35 days. [8]
This fly typically resides on rotting fruit, and the larvae have been found to develop on 49 species of fruits. [3] The life cycle of the fly depends on the temperature of the environment as males are sterile at or above 30 degrees Celsius. It is reddish-brick colored and contains four longitudinal stripes down its head and body.
The fruit fly is mostly composed of post-mitotic cells, has a very short lifespan, and shows gradual aging. As in other species, temperature influences the life history of the animal. Several genes have been identified that can be manipulated to extend the lifespan of these insects.