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A pericardial cyst is an uncommon benign dilatation of the pericardial sac surrounding the heart. It can lead to symptoms by compressing nearby structures, but is usually asymptomatic. [ 1 ] Pericardial cysts can be congenital or acquired, and they are typically diagnosed with radiologic imaging.
Pad sign; Palla's sign; Pancake kidney; Pancake vertebra; Panda sign; Pauwel's angle; Pawnbroker's sign; Pearshaped bladder; Pedicle sign; Pencil Pointing; Pencil-in-cup sign; Peribronchial cuffing; Pericardial fat pad sign; Perkin's line; Phantom calyx sign; Picket fence appearance; Picture framing (radiology) Pie-in-the-sky sign; Piece of Pie ...
The sign is an imaging finding using a 3.5–7.5 MHz ultrasound probe in the fourth and fifth intercostal spaces in the anterior clavicular line using the M-Mode of the machine. This finding is seen in the M-mode tracing as pleura and lung being indistinguishable as linear hyperechogenic lines and is fairly reliable for diagnosis of a pneumothorax.
A pericardial effusion with enough pressure to adversely affect heart function is called cardiac tamponade. [1] Pericardial effusions can cause cardiac tamponade in acute settings with fluid as little as 150mL. In chronic settings, however, fluid can accumulate anywhere up to 2L before an effusion causes cardiac tamponade.
A fat pad sign is an elevation of the anterior and posterior fat pads of the elbow joint, and suggests the presence of an occult fracture. Buccal fat pad can be seen in nursing babies. [1] The fat pad of the labia majora, which can be used as a graft, often as a so-called "Martius labial fat pad graft", which can be used, for example, in ...
The pleural and pericardial cavities are exaggerated since normally there is no space between parietal and visceral pleura and between pericardium and heart. Pericardial fluid is the serous fluid secreted by the serous layer of the pericardium into the pericardial cavity. The pericardium consists of two layers, an outer fibrous layer and the ...
Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade (/ ˌ t æ m. p ə ˈ n eɪ d / [4]), is a compression of the heart due to pericardial effusion (the build-up of pericardial fluid in the sac around the heart). [2] Onset may be rapid or gradual. [2]
Abdominal ultrasound can be used to diagnose abnormalities in various internal organs, such as the kidneys, [1] liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and abdominal aorta.If Doppler ultrasonography is added, the blood flow inside blood vessels can be evaluated as well (for example, to look for renal artery stenosis).