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  2. Human brain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_brain

    The human brain can feature in science fiction, with themes such as brain transplants and cyborgs (beings with features like partly artificial brains). [225] The 1942 science-fiction book (adapted three times for the cinema) Donovan's Brain tells the tale of an isolated brain kept alive in vitro , gradually taking over the personality of the ...

  3. Cognitive tradeoff hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_tradeoff_hypothesis

    Moreover, the cerebral cortex of the human brain – which plays a key role in memory, attention, awareness and thought – contains twice as many cells in humans as the same region in chimpanzees. [4] Secondly, the recent evolution of chimpanzees and humans has been in completely different environments, with different survival needs.

  4. Mental calculator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_calculator

    A mental calculator or human calculator is a person with a prodigious ability in some area of mental calculation (such as adding, subtracting, multiplying or dividing large numbers). In 2005, a group of researchers led by Michael W. O'Boyle, an American psychologist previously working in Australia and now at Texas Tech University , has used MRI ...

  5. Expensive tissue hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expensive_Tissue_Hypothesis

    The expensive tissue hypothesis (ETH) relates brain and gut size in evolution (specifically in human evolution).It suggests that in order for an organism to evolve a large brain without a significant increase in basal metabolic rate (as seen in humans), the organism must use less energy on other expensive tissues; the paper introducing the ETH suggests that in humans, this was achieved by ...

  6. Mental calculation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_calculation

    If the result of step 4 does not equal the result of step 5, then the original answer is wrong. If the two results match, then the original answer may be right, though it is not guaranteed to be. Example Assume the calculation 6,338 × 79, manually done, yielded a result of 500,702: Sum the digits of 6,338: (6 + 3 = 9, so count that as 0) + 3 ...

  7. Neomammalian brain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neomammalian_brain

    The neomammalian brain (neocortex) is the newest addition to the Human Brain. MacLean proposed that as animals evolved over the hundreds of millions of years, [ 1 ] in order for an increased chance of survival , higher order animals developed an increased cognitive ability, which resulted in an increase in brain size.

  8. Variability hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variability_hypothesis

    It has often been discussed in relation to human cognitive ability, where some studies appear to show that males are more likely than females to have either very high or very low IQ test scores. In this context, there is controversy over whether such sex-based differences in the variability of intelligence exist, and if so, whether they are ...

  9. Hippocampus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocampus

    MRI studies have found a smaller brain volume and larger ventricles in people with schizophrenia – however researchers do not know if the shrinkage is from the schizophrenia or from the medication. [ 136 ] [ 137 ] The hippocampus and thalamus have been shown to be reduced in volume; and the volume of the globus pallidus is increased.