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  2. Probable cause - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probable_cause

    The usual definition of the probable cause standard includes “a reasonable amount of suspicion, supported by circumstances sufficiently strong to justify a prudent and cautious person’s belief that certain facts are probably true.” [6] Notably, this definition does not require that the person making the recognition must hold a public office or have public authority, which allows the ...

  3. Reasonable suspicion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonable_suspicion

    Reasonable suspicion is a legal standard of proof that in United States law is less than probable cause, the legal standard for arrests and warrants, but more than an "inchoate and unparticularized suspicion or 'hunch ' "; [1] it must be based on "specific and articulable facts", "taken together with rational inferences from those facts", [2] and the suspicion must be associated with the ...

  4. Reasonable and probable grounds in Australia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonable_and_probable...

    The Canadian system of police powers on reasonable and probable grounds is more clearly defined; a tip from an informer reporting a crime is insufficient to establish reasonable and probable grounds. [36] In Australia it depends on the circumstances of the case, rather than on the reasonable and probable grounds itself. [4]

  5. Stop and identify statutes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_and_identify_statutes

    A detention requires only that police have reasonable suspicion that a person is involved in criminal activity. However, to make an arrest, an officer must have probable cause to believe that the person has committed a crime. Some states require police to inform the person of the intent to make the arrest and the cause for the arrest. [19]

  6. Burden of proof (law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burden_of_proof_(law)

    "Reasonable indication (also known as reasonable suspicion) is substantially lower than probable cause; factors to consider are those facts and circumstances a prudent investigator would consider, but must include facts or circumstances indicating a past, current, or impending violation; an objective factual basis must be present, a mere 'hunch ...

  7. Reasonableness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonableness

    Reasonable care [6] Reasonable cause [5] or reasonable and probable cause [7] Reasonable and competent support [5] Reasonable creature [5] Reasonable danger [5] Reasonable diligence [8] Reasonable doubt; Reasonable expectation [5] (Legitimate expectation is sometimes called reasonable expectation.) [9] Reasonable facilities [5] [7] Reasonable ...

  8. Terry stop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_stop

    A Terry stop in the United States allows the police to briefly detain a person based on reasonable suspicion of involvement in criminal activity. [1] [2] Reasonable suspicion is a lower standard than probable cause which is needed for arrest. When police stop and search a pedestrian, this is commonly known as a stop and frisk.

  9. Arrest without warrant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrest_without_warrant

    Section 24 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984, [1] as of 1 January 2006, provides that a constable may arrest, without a warrant, anyone who is about to commit or is currently committing an offence (or anyone the constable has reasonable grounds to believe to be about to commit or currently committing an offence). The constable is ...