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Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water. Solutions of HF are colorless, acidic and highly corrosive . A common concentration is 49% (48-52%) but there are also stronger solutions (e.g. 70%) and pure HF has a boiling point near room temperature.
UF 6 reacts with water, releasing hydrofluoric acid. The compound reacts with aluminium, forming a surface layer of AlF 3 that resists any further reaction from the compound. Uranium hexafluoride is a mild oxidant. [10] It is a Lewis acid as evidenced by its binding to form heptafluorouranate(VI), [UF 7] −. [11]
Hydrogen fluoride is typically produced by the reaction between sulfuric acid and pure grades of the mineral fluorite: [14] CaF 2 + H 2 SO 4 → 2 HF + CaSO 4. About 20% of manufactured HF is a byproduct of fertilizer production, which generates hexafluorosilicic acid. This acid can be degraded to release HF thermally and by hydrolysis: H 2 SiF ...
Out of the four stable halogens, only fluorine and chlorine have reduction potentials higher than that of oxygen, allowing them to form hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid directly through reaction with water. [17] The reaction of fluorine with water is especially hazardous, as an addition of fluorine gas to cold water will produce ...
In acid catalysis and base catalysis, a chemical reaction is catalyzed by an acid or a base. By Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, the acid is the proton (hydrogen ion, H +) donor and the base is the proton acceptor. Typical reactions catalyzed by proton transfer are esterifications and aldol reactions.
Buffered oxide etch (BOE), also known as buffered HF or BHF, is a wet etchant used in microfabrication.It is a mixture of a buffering agent, such as ammonium fluoride NH 4 F, and hydrofluoric acid (HF).
Lutetium(III) fluoride can be produced by reacting lutetium oxide with hydrogen fluoride, or reacting lutetium chloride and hydrofluoric acid. [8] It can also be produced by reacting lutetium sulfide and hydrofluoric acid: [9] 3 Lu 2 S 3 + 20 HF + (2 + 2x) H 2 O → 2 (H 3 O)Lu 3 F 10 ·xH 2 O↓ + 9 H 2 S↑ (x = 0.9) (H 3 O)Lu 3 F 10 → 3 ...
Hydrofluoric acid, the water solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF), is a contact poison. Even though it is from a chemical perspective a relatively weak acid, it is far more dangerous than conventional strong mineral acids, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, or hydrochloric acid. Owing to its lesser chemical dissociation in water (remaining a ...