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  2. Cardinality (SQL statements) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinality_(SQL_statements)

    High-cardinality refers to columns with values that are very uncommon or unique. High-cardinality column values are typically identification numbers, email addresses, or user names. An example of a data table column with high-cardinality would be a USERS table with a column named USER_ID. This column would contain unique values of 1-n. Each ...

  3. Database index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_index

    The data rows may be spread throughout the table regardless of the value of the indexed column or expression. The non-clustered index tree contains the index keys in sorted order, with the leaf level of the index containing the pointer to the record (page and the row number in the data page in page-organized engines; row offset in file ...

  4. Identity column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_column

    An identity column differs from a primary key in that its values are managed by the server and usually cannot be modified. In many cases an identity column is used as a primary key; however, this is not always the case. It is a common misconception that an identity column will enforce uniqueness; however, this is not the case. If you want to ...

  5. Unique key - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unique_key

    Unique constraint. A unique constraint can be defined on columns that allow nulls, in which case rows that include nulls may not actually be unique across the set of columns defined by the constraint. Each table can have multiple unique constraints. On some RDBMS a unique constraint generates a nonclustered index by default.

  6. PostgreSQL - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostgreSQL

    PostgreSQL (/ ˌ p oʊ s t ɡ r ɛ s k j u ˈ ɛ l / POHST-gres-kew-EL) [11] [12] also known as Postgres, is a free and open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) emphasizing extensibility and SQL compliance.

  7. Column (database) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_(database)

    A column may contain text values, numbers, or even pointers to files in the operating system. [2] Columns typically contain simple types, though some relational database systems allow columns to contain more complex data types, such as whole documents, images, or even video clips. [3] [better source needed] A column can also be called an attribute.

  8. Uniqueness type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniqueness_type

    A unique type is very similar to a linear type, to the point that the terms are often used interchangeably, but there is in fact a distinction: actual linear typing allows a non-linear value to be typecast to a linear form, while still retaining multiple references to it. Uniqueness guarantees that a value has no other references to it, while ...

  9. MySQLi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQLi

    This conversion is done regardless of the SQL result set column data type. The MySQL client libraries receive all column values as strings. No further client-side casting is done to convert columns back to their native types. Instead, all values are provided as PHP strings. Example: Text protocol returns strings by default