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The Neanderthals were the first human species to permanently occupy Europe as the continent was only sporadically occupied by earlier humans. [ 116 ] The southernmost find was recorded at Shuqba Cave , Levant; [ 117 ] reports of Neanderthals from the North African Jebel Irhoud [ 118 ] and Haua Fteah [ 119 ] have been reidentified as H. sapiens .
The Neanderthal DNA found in modern human genomes has long raised questions about ancient interbreeding. New studies offer a timeline of when that occurred and when ancient humans left Africa.
The hyoid bone and larynx in a modern human. It is not known whether Neanderthals were anatomically capable of speech and whether they spoke. [9] The only bone in the vocal tract is the hyoid, but it is so fragile that no Neanderthal hyoid was found until 1983, when excavators discovered a well-preserved one on Neanderthal Kebara 2, Israel.
Conversely, significant rates of modern human gene flow into Neanderthals occurred—of the three examined lineages—for only the Altai Neanderthal (0.1–2.1%), suggesting that modern human gene flow into Neanderthals mainly took place after the separation of the Altai Neanderthals from the El Sidrón and Vindija Neanderthals that occurred ...
"Both humans and Neanderthals go extinct in Europe at this time," he said. "If we as a successful species died out in the region then it is not a big surprise that Neanderthals, who had an even ...
The lack of fossils and stone tool industries that can be safely associated with modern humans in the Levant has been taken to suggest that modern humans were outcompeted by Neanderthals until around 55,000 years ago, who would have placed a barrier on modern human dispersal out of Africa through the Northern Route.
Neanderthals were much more intelligent than previously thought and were skilled enough to control fire and use it to cook food, according to a new study which suggests they lived closer to a ...
Instead of Neanderthals withering away from climatic violence, Sterling posits that they were rather absorbed into AMH communities because of their interbreeding and child rearing. This view echoes other theories about Neanderthal disappearance, but acknowledges their autonomy and agency as well, despite leading to their extinction as a species.