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Accounts receivable represents money owed by entities to the firm on the sale of products or services on credit. In most business entities, accounts receivable is typically executed by generating an invoice and either mailing or electronically delivering it to the customer, who, in turn, must pay it within an established timeframe, called credit terms [citation needed] or payment terms.
Days sales outstanding can vary from month to month, and over the course of a year with a company's seasonal business cycle. Of interest when analyzing the performance of a company is the trend in DSO. If DSO is getting longer, accounts receivable is increasing or average sales per day are decreasing.
Current assets include cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments in companies in the process of being sold, accounts receivable, stock inventory, supplies, and the prepaid liabilities that will be paid within a year. [1] Such assets are expected to be realised in cash or consumed during the normal operating cycle of the business.
Current assets and current liabilities include four accounts which are of special importance. These accounts represent the areas of the business where managers have the most direct impact: cash and cash equivalents (current asset) accounts receivable (current asset) inventory (current asset), and; accounts payable (current liability)
Receivables – usually reported as net of allowance for non-collectable accounts. Inventory – trading these assets is a normal business of a company. The inventory value reported on the balance sheet is usually the historical cost or fair market value, whichever is lower. This is known as the "lower of cost or market" rule.
A ledger account is created for each account in the chart of accounts for an organization and is classified into account categories, such as income, expense, assets, liabilities, and equity; the collection of all these accounts is known as the general ledger.
Under the AICPA's Code of Professional Ethics under Rule 203 – Accounting Principles, a member must depart from GAAP if following it would lead to a material misstatement on the financial statements, or otherwise be misleading. In the departure, the member must disclose, if practical, the reasons why compliance with the accounting principle ...
It is the accounts in this list, and their corresponding debit or credit balances, that are used to prepare the financial statements. Finally financial statements are drawn from the trial balance, which may include: the income statement, also known as the statement of financial results, profit and loss account, or P&L