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  2. Update (SQL) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Update_(SQL)

    An SQL UPDATE statement changes the data of one or more records in a table. Either all the rows can be updated, or a subset may be chosen using a condition. The UPDATE statement has the following form: [1] UPDATE table_name SET column_name = value [, column_name = value ...] [WHERE condition]

  3. Unique key - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unique_key

    In SQL, the unique keys have a UNIQUE constraint assigned to them in order to prevent duplicates (a duplicate entry is not valid in a unique column). Alternate keys may be used like the primary key when doing a single-table select or when filtering in a where clause, but are not typically used to join multiple tables.

  4. Query by Example - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Query_by_Example

    Query by Example (QBE) is a database query language for relational databases. It was devised by Moshé M. Zloof at IBM Research during the mid-1970s, in parallel to the development of SQL . [ 1 ] It is the first graphical query language, using visual tables where the user would enter commands, example elements and conditions.

  5. Relational model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_model

    An attribute value is the entry in a specific column and row. A database relvar (relation variable) is commonly known as a base table. The heading of its assigned value at any time is as specified in the table declaration and its body is that most recently assigned to it by an update operator (typically, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE). The heading ...

  6. Cardinality (SQL statements) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinality_(SQL_statements)

    An example of a data table column with high-cardinality would be a USERS table with a column named USER_ID. This column would contain unique values of 1-n. Each time a new user is created in the USERS table, a new number would be created in the USER_ID column to identify them uniquely.

  7. Surrogate key - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogate_key

    Since surrogate keys replace a table's identifying attributes—the natural key—and since the identifying attributes are likely to be those queried, then the query optimizer is forced to perform a full table scan when fulfilling likely queries. The remedy to the full table scan is to apply indexes on the identifying attributes, or sets of them.

  8. List of computing and IT abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computing_and_IT...

    CQS—Command–query separation; CQRS—Command Query Responsibility Segregation; CR—Carriage return; CRAN—Comprehensive R Archive Network; CRC—Cyclic redundancy check; CRLF—Carriage return line feed; CRM—Customer Relationship Management; CRS—Computer Reservations System; CRT—Cathode-ray tube; CRUD—Create, read, update and ...

  9. Slowly changing dimension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slowly_changing_dimension

    An aggregate table summarizing facts by supplier state continues to reflect the historical state, i.e. the state the supplier was in at the time of the transaction; no update is needed. To reference the entity via the natural key, it is necessary to remove the unique constraint making referential integrity by DBMS (DataBase Management System ...