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In a typical scenario, about 0.5% of Pap results are high-grade SIL , and less than 0.5% of results indicate cancer; 0.2 to 0.8% of results indicate Atypical Glandular Cells of Undetermined Significance (AGC-NOS). [citation needed] As liquid-based preparations (LBPs) become a common medium for testing, atypical result rates have increased.
ThinPrep pap smear with group of normal cervical cells on left and HPV-infected cells showing features typical of koilocytes: enlarged (x2 or x3) nuclei and hyperchromasia. A koilocyte is a squamous epithelial cell that has undergone a number of structural changes, which occur as a result of infection of the cell by human papillomavirus (HPV). [1]
Atypia (from Greek, a + typos, without type; a condition of being irregular or nonstandard) [1] is a histopathologic term for a structural abnormality in a cell, i.e. it is used to describe atypical cells. Atypia can be caused by infection or irritation. If, for example it were diagnosed in a Pap smear in the uterus it is more likely to be ...
Women aged 30–65 should preferably be tested every 5 years with both the HPV test and the Pap test. In other age groups, a Pap test alone can suffice unless they have been diagnosed with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US). [133] Co-testing with a Pap test and HPV test is recommended because it decreases the rate of ...
Squamous cell carcinoma; Atypical Glandular Cells not otherwise specified (AGC-NOS) Atypical Glandular Cells, suspicious for AIS or cancer (AGC-neoplastic) Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) The results are calculated differently following a Pap smear of the cervix. [citation needed]
A squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) is an abnormal growth of epithelial cells on the surface of the cervix, commonly called squamous cells. This condition can lead to cervical cancer , but can be diagnosed using a Pap smear or a colposcopy .
Pap test screening can reveal abnormal cells on the surface of the cervix called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) which in a small percentage can develop into cervical cancer. These precancerous changes can be confirmed with further examination known as colposcopy .
Pap smear results may be reported using the Bethesda system (see above). The sensitivity and specificity of this test were variable in a systematic review looking at accuracy of the test. An abnormal Pap smear result may lead to a recommendation for colposcopy of the cervix, an in office procedure during which the cervix is examined under ...