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GDP per hour worked 1970–2022 (2015=100) Country 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2015 2020 2022 Australia 51.4 60.3 66.0 80.9 92.2 100 103.1 103.3 Austria 83.0
The long-term potential growth rate of South Africa under the current policy environment has been estimated at 3.5%. [53] Per capita GDP growth has proved mediocre, though improving, growing by 1.6% a year from 1994 to 2009, and by 2.2% over the 2000–09 decade, [54] compared to world growth of 3.1% over the same period.
The gross average monthly wage estimates for 2023 are computed by converting national currency figures from the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Statistical Database, compiled from national and international (the CIS, Eurostat, the OECD) official sources. Wages in U.S. dollars are computed by the UNECE Secretariat using ...
The top ten stock exchanges in Africa by stock capital are (amounts are given in billions of United States dollars): [209] but nowadays there are around 29 stock exchanges in Africa: South Africa (82.88)(2014) [210] Egypt ($73.04 billion (30 November 2014 est.)) [211] Morocco (5.18)
Thus, value is a purely social characteristic of commodities. The substance of the value of a commodity is a determinate quantity of social labour. That is, the existence of exchange value presupposes social relations between people organised into a society. "Socially necessary labour time" encapsulates this essential "relatedness" of value ...
Rank Country/Region Labour force Date of information — World 3,382,000,000: 2017 est. 1 China 781,808,000: 2022 est. 2 India 554,145,000: 2022 est. 3 United States ...
Almost 90% of South Africa's exports to the rest of Africa go to the SADC economies. In 2018, South Africa exported and imported goods to and from the rest of Africa to the value of US$25 billion and US$11.5 billion, respectively. Intra-Africa exports account for 26% of South Africa's total exports and imports for 12% of total imports for 2018.
The implication is that if the gross profit volume was related to wage costs to establish the rate of surplus value, this might overstate or understate the real rate of labor-exploitation. Although this is a subtle point, it has sometimes played an important role in wage bargaining negotiations by trade unions .