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Equine influenza is characterized by a very high rate of transmission among horses, and has a relatively short incubation time of one to three days. [6] Clinical signs of equine influenza include fever (up to 106 °F [41 °C]), nasal discharge, have a dry, hacking cough, depression, loss of appetite and weakness. [6]
Various symptoms continued for almost a month until a blood culture tested positive for Streptococcus zooepidemicus. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics for six weeks, and her condition gradually improved. The patient stated there was a horse stable on her property, but she only visited it occasionally. [15]
The sand can cause colic signs similar to other impactions of the large colon, and often causes abdominal distention [17] As the sand or dirt irritates the lining of the bowel it can cause diarrhea. The weight and abrasion of the sand or dirt causes the bowel wall to become inflamed and can cause a reduction in colonic motility and, in severe ...
Strangles (also called equine distemper) is a contagious upper respiratory tract infection of horses and other equines caused by a Gram-positive bacterium, Streptococcus equi. [1] As a result, the lymph nodes swell, compressing the pharynx , larynx , and trachea , and can cause airway obstruction leading to death, hence the name strangles. [ 2 ]
Potomac horse fever is currently endemic in the United States but has also been reported with lower frequency in other regions, including Canada, Brazil, Uruguay, and Europe. [4] PHF is a condition that is clinically important for horses since it can cause serious signs such as fever, diarrhea, colic, and laminitis. [5]
Signs and symptoms of PHF include acute-onset fever, depression (sometimes profound), inappetence, mild colic-like symptoms, decreased manure production, profuse watery non-fetid diarrhea endotoxemia, edema due to protein imbalances, abortion by pregnant mares, and acute laminitis (20 to 40 percent of cases).
Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is a common cause of colic and decreased performance in horses. Horses form ulcers in the mucosa of the stomach, leading to pain, decreased appetite, weight loss, and behavioral changes. Treatment generally involves reducing acid production of the stomach and dietary management.
The cause of proximal enteritis is not definitively known. [2] Both Salmonella and Clostridial species have been isolated from gastric reflux contents of affected horses. Salmonella has not been consistently found in all horses with DPJ, although one study cultured toxigenic Clostridial species in 100% of affected horses. [2]
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