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A lung biopsy is an interventional procedure performed to diagnose lung pathology by obtaining a small piece of lung which is examined under a microscope. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Beyond microscopic examination for cellular morphology and architecture, special stains and cultures can be performed on the tissue obtained.
A biopsy of the lesion is typically required in order to confirm diagnosis and to provide information regarding histology and molecular markers, which in turn allow to assess for best course of treatment. Currently, the most sensitive method is that of a percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy. [15] [16]
For cases suspicious enough to proceed to biopsy, small biopsies can be obtained by fine needle aspiration or bronchoscopy are commonly used for diagnosis of lung nodules. [19] CT guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsies have also proven to be very helpful in the diagnosis of SPN. [6]
Biopsy can be accomplished via bronchoscopy, transthoracic needle biopsy, and video-assisted thorascopic surgery (VATS). [ 4 ] While sputum cytology has been shown to have limited utility, thoracentesis , or aspiration of pleural fluid with an ultrasound -guided needle, should be performed when pleural effusion is present.
Lung nodule percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy: CBCT guides needle placement and demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 98.2%, 96.8%, and 100%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy was unaffected by technically challenging conditions.
The diagnosis of lung cancer is based on chest radiograph and computed tomography (CT) scans, and is confirmed by biopsy. Biopsy is usually performed via bronchoscopy or CT-guided biopsy. Treatment and prognosis depend upon the histological type of cancer, the stage, and the patient's performance status. Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy ...
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Thoracentesis / ˌ θ ɔː r ə s ɪ n ˈ t iː s ɪ s /, also known as thoracocentesis (from Greek θώραξ (thōrax, GEN thōrakos) 'chest, thorax' and κέντησις (kentēsis) 'pricking, puncture'), pleural tap, needle thoracostomy, or needle decompression (often used term), is an invasive medical procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic ...