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Demeter is notable as the mother of Persephone, described by both Hesiod and in the Homeric Hymn to Demeter as the result of a union with her younger brother Zeus. [83] An alternate recounting of the matter appears in a fragment of the lost Orphic theogony, which preserves part of a myth in which Zeus mates with his mother, Rhea , in the form ...
The relief is made of Pentelic marble, and it is 2,20 m. tall, 1,52 m. wide, and 15 cm thick. [4] It depicts the three most important figures of the Eleusianian Mysteries; the goddess of agriculture and abundance Demeter, her daughter Persephone queen of the Underworld and the Eleusinian hero Triptolemus, the son of Queen Metanira, [3] [4] in what appears to be a rite. [1]
Of the imported archaic Greek objects unearthed at the Extramural Sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone Corinthian pottery represents a rather sizable portion, of which the majority belongs to the Late Corinthian I and II periods. Archaeological excavators expected the examination of the Corinthian pottery to yield concrete evidence concerning ...
It was founded in 7th-century BC, and the predecessor of the larger and more monumental Extramural Sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone at Cyrene, Libya, which was founded somewhat later. Initially, it was a small temple, hypaethral , and consisting of a peribolos wall and two altars.
As hierophants, they popularized the cult and allowed many more to be initiated into the secrets of Demeter and Persephone. [ 1 ] The legendary genealogy of the Eumolpidae cast them as descendants of Eumolpus , one of the first priests of Demeter at Eleusis, through his second son, Herald-Keryx .
Similar to the myth recorded elsewhere (such as the Homeric Hymn to Demeter), Pausanias recounts how the earth perished for the duration of Demeter’s stay in the cave. Eventually she was discovered by the Arcadian god Pan , who reported her location to Zeus and sent the Fates to convince her to restore the earth’s fertility.
"Despoina" was an epithet for several goddesses, especially Aphrodite, Persephone, Demeter, and Hecate. [32] [33] Persephone and Demeter are two of the three goddesses of the Eleusinian mysteries. They are perhaps the "Two Queens" referred to in various Linear B inscriptions. [34] At Olympia they were called Despoinai (Δέσποιναι). [35]
The cult of Demeter was benefited by Gelon, tyrant of Syracuse, as a way to unite the Greek population during his expansionism on Sicily. Gelon was the hereditary chief priest of Demeter's cult in Gela , a cult that was popular also in Syracuse and Camarina , and he used the Demeter cult as well as the fight against Carthage to unite Syracuse ...