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Many U.S. geologists often called Hewett "Mr. Manganese", [6] because of his outstanding research in manganese mineralogy and ore deposition, which gained him international recognition. [3] In 1912 Hewett had been given responsibility for preparing a chapter on manganese for the USGS's annual publication on mineral resources of the United States.
Manganese is a chemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number of 25. It is found as the free element in nature (often in combination with iron), and in many minerals. The free element is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses. Manganese ions are variously colored, and are used industrially as pigments and as
Manganese is an essential human dietary element and is present as a coenzyme in several biological processes, which include macronutrient metabolism, bone formation, and free radical defense systems. Manganese is a critical component in dozens of proteins and enzymes. [8] The human body contains about 12 mg of manganese, mostly in the bones.
The "Final 2023 Critical Materials List" was determined by the United States Department of Energy (DOE), [5] with the Undersecretary for Science and Innovation involvement. . This list incorporates materials deemed critical for energy applications and minerals from the 2022 final list designated by the Department of the Interior through the United States Geological Survey (USG
Manganese [14] South Africa China: List of countries by manganese production: Mercury [15] China Mexico: List of countries by mercury production: Nickel [16] Indonesia Philippines: List of countries by nickel production: Niobium [17] Brazil Canada: List of countries by niobium production: Palladium [18] Russia South Africa
Franklin Furnace ca. 1900 Fluorescent minerals of the Franklin mineral district: franklinite (black), willemite (green), and calcite (red). USGS. Franklin Furnace, also known as the Franklin Mine, is a famous mineral location for rare zinc, [1] iron, and manganese minerals in old mines in Franklin, Sussex County, New Jersey, United States.
Manganese precipitates in soils in the form of manganese-iron oxide minerals, which promote nutrient and organic matter accumulation due to their high surface area. Manganese is the tenth most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, making up approximately 0.1% of the total composition, or about 0.019 mol kg −1 , which is found mostly in the ...
Manganese contamination can result from both natural geological processes and human activities such as industrial and agricultural runoff. [20] [21] [22] Elevated manganese in soil and water often correlates with agricultural zones due to natural weathering of manganese-containing minerals and contamination from fertilizers.