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The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (reporting mark BO) was the first common carrier railroad and the oldest railroad in the United States. It operated as B&O from 1830 until 1987, when it was merged into the Chessie System; its lines are today controlled by CSX Transportation.
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O), first steam-operated railway in the United States to be chartered as a common carrier of freight and passengers (1827). The B&O Railroad Company was established by Baltimore, Maryland, merchants to compete with New York merchants and their newly opened Erie Canal for trade to the west.
The B&O Railroad Museum shares and preserves the storied legacy and experiences of American railroading. Come see where it began!
The B&O Railroad Museum is a museum and historic railway station exhibiting historic railroad equipment in Baltimore, Maryland. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) company originally opened the museum on July 4, 1953, with the name of the Baltimore & Ohio Transportation Museum.
At the B&O’s peak the railroad served the markets of New York City, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Buffalo, Detroit, and St. Louis via more than 6,000 route miles (over 10,000 miles in total). The B&O was always the underdog in an eastern market dominated by the PRR and NYC.
The Baltimore and Ohio (B&O) Railroad was the first railroad chartered in the United States and was the backbone for transportation in the early 1800s. The line’s construction began on July 4th, 1828. From 1828 to 1861, the B&O had expanded into thirteen states.
Throughout its 180 plus years, the B&O Railroad enjoyed a rich and varied corporate life. It was America's first common carrier railroad and survived to become one of the world's oldest railroad companies. This was made possible through a combination of skill, foresight, and ingenuity.
B&O Railroad. First Railroad in the United States. First Railroad to cross the Appalachian Mountains and reach the Ohio River Valley. The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad was the first railroad to make it across the the Appalachian Mountain region (1852).
The B&O Railroad forever changed the course of the city, the nation, and even the world. At the B&O Railroad Museum, visitors can step directly into history as they discover the story of American railroading.
The B&O Railroad Museum is known as the birthplace of American railroading and for good reason. Discover our rich history, and see where we're headed!