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Winemaking. Wine grapes from the Guadalupe Valley in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. Winemaking, wine-making, or vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine -making stretches over millennia.
The process of fermentation in winemaking turns grape juice into an alcoholic beverage. During fermentation, yeasts transform sugars present in the juice into ethanol and carbon dioxide (as a by-product). In winemaking, the temperature and speed of fermentation are important considerations as well as the levels of oxygen present in the must at ...
Clarification and stabilization of wine. The winemaking process naturally produces sediments that can precipitate out of the wine. In winemaking, clarification and stabilization are the processes by which insoluble matter suspended in the wine is removed before bottling. This matter may include dead yeast cells (lees), bacteria, tartrates ...
The process of separating unwanted particles (such as dead yeast cells or fining agents) from the wine by use of centrifugal force. Ceramic filtration. A filtration process of the wine that utilizes perlite and is able to fine the wine to an ultrafine degree. Chaptalization.
Yeast in winemaking. The process of fermentation at work on Pinot noir. As yeast consume the sugar in the must it releases alcohol and carbon dioxide (seen here as the foaming bubbles) as byproducts. The role of yeast in winemaking is the most important element that distinguishes wine from fruit juice. In the absence of oxygen, yeast converts ...
Malolactic conversion (also known as malolactic fermentation or MLF) is a process in winemaking in which tart -tasting malic acid, naturally present in grape must, is converted to softer-tasting lactic acid. Malolactic fermentation is most often performed as a secondary fermentation shortly after the end of the primary fermentation, but can ...
This secondary fermentation, also known as bottle fermentation, is the process that makes the wine "bubbly" due to the containment of carbon dioxide which is normally released as a by product in regular fermentation. In still wine production, particularly of red wines [2] and some white wines like Chardonnay, the secondary fermentation process ...
The bud of a Regent vine located between the stem and petiole. The grape starts its annual growth cycle in the spring with bud break. In the Northern Hemisphere, this stage begins around March while in the Southern Hemisphere it begins around September when daily temperatures begin to surpass 10 °C (50 °F). If the vine had been pruned during ...