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Taxation in Pakistan has evolved since the country’s independence in 1947, largely based on the British colonial tax system. Initially, Pakistan inherited the tax structures and administrative mechanisms of British rule, which included a comprehensive framework for indirect taxation. Over the years, however, Pakistan has modified and adapted ...
Chapter 2: Explains the political growth of the Pakistan Army. its mandate, organizational structure and ethnic composition. Chapter 3: Highlights the growth of financial interests of the officer cadre of the army. Chapter 4: Outlines the command and control structure of the economic empire, and various methods used to exploit economic resources.
The Pakistan Army Corps of Remount Veterinary and Farms was established from the partition of the Remount Veterinary Corps of the former British Indian Army in 1948 with Major-General Dimond of the British Army becoming its first director.: 59 [3] [1]: 447 [4] The RVF Corps is responsible for supplying with military rations, dairy products, as well as administrating farms for military.: 48 ...
The Pakistan National Guard (Urdu: پاسبانِ قومی پاکستان) is a military reserve force and a component of the Pakistan Army, designed to act as a "second line of defence", [4]: 84 together with the Pakistan Army Reserve and the paramilitary Civil Armed Forces.
The Janbaz Force (Urdu: جان باز فورس) is a component of the National Guard of Pakistan, and a paramilitary force under the command of the Pakistan Army. It acts as a reserve force for the regular Army in times of national emergency or war. The force has two main tasks: operating air defence batteries and providing localised infantry ...
Pakistan Army has used military doctrine of Bleed India with a Thousand Cuts in the past against India. [20] [21] [22] It consists of waging covert war against India using insurgents at multiple locations. [23] According to scholar Aparna Pande, this view was put forward in various studies by the Pakistan Army, particularly in its Staff College ...
The army was initially formed as a professional land force by inheriting the assets and personnel of the British Indian Army, with its first commander-in-chief, Frank Messervy. Since its formation, the military has taken a central role in governance , with Pakistan undergoing multiple military coups , leading to periods of military rule .
Taxation, which includes income tax, sales tax, and customs duties, constitutes a substantial portion of revenues, bolstering both federal and provincial government finances. Non-tax revenue sources, such as mark-up from state enterprises, surplus profits from the State Bank of Pakistan , and royalties on oil and gas, further contribute ...