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Juno also studies Jupiter's deep winds, [58] [59] which can reach speeds of 600 km/h. [60] [61] Among early results, Juno gathered information about Jovian lightning that revised earlier theories. [62] Juno provided the first views of Jupiter's north pole, as well as insights about Jupiter's aurorae, magnetic field, and atmosphere. [63]
Juno Radiation Vault (the box being lowered onto the partially constructed spacecraft) in the process of being installed on Juno, 2010 Juno Radiation Vault is shown attached, but with the top open and some of the electronics boxes inside the vault can be seen The cube shaped JRV can be seen in between the un-wrapped main dish and the larger hexagonal main spacecraft body.
Juno is the first mission to Jupiter to use solar panels instead of the radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG) used by Pioneer 10, Pioneer 11, the Voyager program, Ulysses, Cassini–Huygens, New Horizons, and the Galileo orbiter. [92] It is also the farthest solar-powered trip in the history of space exploration. [93]
Global image of Jupiter's moon Io acquired by Juno's JunoCam camera on 30 December 2023. The Juno spacecraft was launched in 2011 and entered orbit around Jupiter on July 5, 2016. Juno ' s mission is primarily focused on improving our understanding of Jupiter's interior, magnetic field, aurorae, and polar atmosphere. [88]
Juno is a Jupiter exploration mission which launched on August 5, 2011, and arrived in July 2016. It is the first solar-powered spacecraft to explore an outer planet. The craft was placed into a polar orbit in order to study the planet's magnetic field and internal structure
JADE-E is for detecting electrons from 0.1 to 100 keV, and there are three JADE-E sensors on Juno. [2] JADE-I is for detecting ions from 5 eV to 50 keV. [2] It is designed to return data in situ on Jupiter's auroral region and magnetospheric plasmas, by observing electrons and ions in this region. [2]
Montage of planets and some moons that the two Voyager spacecraft have visited and studied. It is the only program that visited all four outer planets. A total of nine spacecraft have been launched on missions that involve visits to the outer planets; all nine missions involve encounters with Jupiter, with four spacecraft also visiting Saturn.
The primary observation target is Jupiter itself, although limited images of some of Jupiter's moons have been taken and more are intended. [5] JunoCam successfully returned detailed images of Ganymede after Juno's flyby on June 7, 2021, [ 6 ] with further opportunities including planned flybys of Europa on September 29, 2022, and two of Io ...