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[1] [4] Currently, portato is sometimes indicated in words, by "mezzo-staccato" or "non-legato"; or can be shown by three graphic forms: a slur that encompasses a phrase of staccato notes (the most common), or; a tenuto above a staccato mark (very often), or; a slur that encompasses a phrase of tenuto notes (less common). [5]
Tenuto: Hold the note in question its full length (or longer, with slight rubato), or play the note slightly louder. Marcato: Indicates a short note, long chord, or medium passage to be played louder or more forcefully than surrounding music. Staccato: Signifies a note of shortened duration or detached (not legato) Legato
Staccato: detached: A form of musical articulation in which notes are distinct and separated from each other by short gaps Staccatissimo: very detached: Forcefully exaggerated staccato Tutti: all: Played or sung by the entire ensemble, rather than by just a soloist or principal player Vibrato: vibrating
In 20th-century music, a dot placed above or below a note indicates that it should be played staccato, and a wedge is used for the more emphatic staccatissimo.However, before 1850, dots, dashes, and wedges were all likely to have the same meaning, even though some theorists from as early as the 1750s distinguished different degrees of staccato through the use of dots and dashes, with the dash ...
Tenuto This symbol indicates that the note should be played at its full value, or slightly longer. It can also indicate a degree of emphasis, especially when combined with dynamic markings to indicate a change in loudness, or combined with a staccato dot to indicate a slight detachment (portato or mezzo staccato). In percussion notation, this ...
All; all together, usually used in an orchestral or choral score when the orchestra or all of the voices come in at the same time, also seen in Baroque-era music where two instruments share the same copy of music, after one instrument has broken off to play a more advanced form: they both play together again at the point marked tutti.
Many guitar virtuosos are well-versed in the legato technique, as it allows for rapid and "clean" runs. Multiple hammer-ons and pull-offs together are sometimes also referred to colloquially as "rolls," a reference to the fluid sound of the technique. A rapid series of hammer-ons and pull-offs between a single pair of notes is called a trill.
Tenuto is notated three ways: . The word tenuto written above the passage to be played tenuto.; The abbreviation ten. written above the note or passage to be played tenuto.; A horizontal line, roughly the length of a notehead, placed immediately above or below the note to be played tenuto.