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The 1960 Valdivia earthquake (M w 9.5), 1964 Alaska earthquake (M w 9.2), 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake (M w 9.2), and 2011 Tōhoku earthquake (M w 9.0) are recent examples of powerful megathrust earthquakes that generated tsunamis (known as teletsunamis) that can cross entire oceans.
On the Korean Peninsula, the tsunami slammed into the east coast, flooding nine villages and destroying many fishing vessels. [12] [13] The tsunami was documented five times in the annals of the Joseon dynasty. [14] Estimation of wave heights along the coast range from 3–4 m (9.8–13.1 ft). [15]
A tsunami hitting a coastline. This article lists notable tsunamis, which are sorted by the date and location that they occurred.. Because of seismic and volcanic activity associated with tectonic plate boundaries along the Pacific Ring of Fire, tsunamis occur most frequently in the Pacific Ocean, [1] but are a worldwide natural phenomenon.
The residents of the coastal towns and villages were taken completely by surprise because the tsunami had only been preceded by a relatively weak shock. The magnitude of the tsunami has been estimated as M t =8.2 while the earthquake shaking only indicated a magnitude of M s =7.2. This discrepancy in magnitude requires more than just a slow ...
This subduction zone was responsible for the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. [15] In parts of the megathrust south of Java, referred to as the Java Trench, for the western part, M w 8.9 is possible, while in the eastern Java segment, M w 8.8 is possible, while if both were to rupture at the same time, the magnitude would be M w 9.1.
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami at Ao Nang, Krabi Province, Thailand. A tsunami (/(t) s uː ˈ n ɑː m i, (t) s ʊ ˈ-/ (t)soo-NAH-mee, (t)suu-; from Japanese: 津波, lit. 'harbour wave', pronounced) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake.
The areas hardest hit were the northern coastal areas and outlying islands like Penang and Langkawi.Wave heights near the shore were 2.5–3 m (8.2–9.8 ft) for Langkawi and 2–3 m (6.6–9.8 ft) for Penang, where wave runup heights were 6–8 m (20–26 ft) in one location.
A volcanic tsunami, also called a volcanogenic tsunami, is a tsunami produced by volcanic phenomena. About 20–25% of all fatalities at volcanoes during the last 250 years have been caused by volcanic tsunamis. The most devastating volcanic tsunami in recorded history was that produced by the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa. The waves reached ...