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[26] [27] [13] Since the risk of blood clots forming is higher with mechanical valves than with tissue valves, patients with mechanical heart valves are required to take anticoagulant (blood-thinning) drugs, such as warfarin, long-life, making them more prone to bleeding (1% per year). [13]
The valve is excised 4–5 mm from the annulus, leaving intact the attached chordae unless they are calcified or otherwise diseased. The valve is replaced by a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve. The replacement valve is sewn into the annulus with interrupted or horizontal mattress sutures with the pledgets on the atrial side. [20]
Valve sparing aortic root replacement (VSARR) is an alternative procedure to the composite aortic valve graft (CAGVR, Bentall procedure). A notable benefit of VSARR is the reduced need for anticoagulation, as the patient's own aortic valve is spared and does not need to be replaced with a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve. [11]
Valve replacement surgery is the replacement of one or more of the heart valves with either an artificial heart valve or a bioprosthesis (homograft from human tissue or xenograft e.g. from pig). It is an alternative to valve repair .
Tissue valves are less durable than mechanical valves, typically lasting 10–20 years. [20] This means that people with bioprosthetic valves have a higher incidence of requiring another aortic valve replacement in their lifetime. [16] Bioprosthetic valves tend to deteriorate more quickly in younger patients. [21]
Repair is a more recent alternative to replacement; in many instances replacement will be the only realistic option because of severe destruction of the valve. [6] While replacement of the aortic valve is a safe and reproducible procedure it may still be associated with the long-term occurrence of so-called valve-related complications.
New life expectancy tables go into effect this year to determine required minimum distributions (RMDs) from IRAs, 401(k)s and other retirement plans, which means you'll need to pay close attention ...
Björk–Shiley valve, as depicted in patent #US003824629. The Björk–Shiley valve is a mechanical artificial heart valve. The valve was co-invented by American engineer Donald Shiley and Swedish heart surgeon Viking Björk. Beginning in 1971, it has been used to replace aortic valves and mitral valves. It was the first successful tilting ...