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Change in per capita GDP of Egypt, 1820–2018. Figures are inflation-adjusted to 2011 International dollars. From the 1850s until the 1930s, Egypt's economy was heavily reliant on long-staple cotton, introduced in the mid-1820s during the reign of Muhammad Ali (1805–49) and made possible by the switch from basin irrigation to perennial, modern irrigation. [25]
3 Dec 2022 (conversion rate, 1 Sep 2023) India: Though stipulated by law, it varies from ₹160 (US$2.16) per day in Bihar, to ₹348/day (US$4.7) in Mumbai (2017), [105] to ₹750 (US$10) per day in Kerala. State governments set a separate minimum wage for agricultural workers. [10] The minimum wages are set according to Minimum Wages Act ...
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year. [2] Countries are sorted by nominal GDP estimates from financial and statistical institutions, which are calculated at market or government official exchange rates.
The gross average monthly wage estimates for 2023 are computed by converting national currency figures from the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Statistical Database, compiled from national and international (the CIS, Eurostat, the OECD) official sources. Wages in U.S. dollars are computed by the UNECE Secretariat using ...
De Facto Classification of Exchange Rate Arrangements, as of April 30, 2021, and Monetary Policy Frameworks [2] Exchange rate arrangement (Number of countries) Exchange rate anchor Monetary aggregate target (25) Inflation Targeting framework (45) Others (43) US Dollar (37) Euro (28) Composite (8) Other (9) No separate legal tender (16) Ecuador ...
Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. [2]
It is opposed to net income, defined as the gross income minus taxes and other deductions (e.g., mandatory pension contributions). For a business, gross income (also gross profit , sales profit , or credit sales ) is the difference between revenue and the cost of making a product or providing a service, before deducting overheads , payroll ...
"PPP conversion factor is a spatial price deflator and currency converter that eliminates the effects of the differences in price levels between countries." "Typically, higher income countries have higher price levels, while lower income countries have lower price levels (Balassa–Samuelson effect). Market exchange rate-based cross-country ...