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Hypovolemic shock is a form of shock caused by severe hypovolemia (insufficient blood volume or extracellular fluid in the body). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can be caused by severe dehydration or blood loss . [ 3 ] [ 2 ] Hypovolemic shock is a medical emergency ; if left untreated, the insufficient blood flow can cause damage to organs , leading to ...
A medical triad is a group of three signs or symptoms, the result of injury to three organs, which characterise a specific medical condition. The appearance of all three signs conjoined together in another patient, points to that the patient has the same medical condition, or diagnosis.
Untreated hypovolemia or excessive and rapid losses of volume may lead to hypovolemic shock. [7] Signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock include increased heart rate, low blood pressure, pale or cold skin, and altered mental status. When these signs are seen, immediate action should be taken to restore the lost volume.
Due to these similarities, some sources place obstructive shock under the category of cardiogenic shock. [1] [5] However, it is important to distinguish between the two types, because treatment is different. [6] In cardiogenic shock, the problem is in the function of the heart itself. In obstructive shock, the underlying problem is not the pump.
Hypovolemic shock is the most common type of shock and is caused by insufficient circulating volume. [6] The most common cause of hypovolemic shock is hemorrhage (internal or external); however, vomiting and diarrhea are more common causes in children. [9]
Patients may present with various symptoms ranging from abdominal pain to more severe manifestations such as hypovolemic shock.The classic symptom complex of flank pain, and flank mass, and hypovolemic shock is referred to as the Lenk triad and is seen in a small subset of patients.
Shock is defined as insufficient perfusion or blood flow to organs and body tissue that causes organ and tissue dysfunction, [2] [1] and can be divided into different types depending on the cause and symptoms. A common type of surgical shock is hypovolemic shock, which is often caused by blood loss.
Vasodilatory shock, vasogenic shock, or vasoplegic shock is a medical emergency belonging to shock along with cardiogenic shock, septic shock, allergen-induced shock and hypovolemic shock. When the blood vessels suddenly relax, it results in vasodilation .