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Hypovolemic shock is a form of shock caused by severe hypovolemia (insufficient blood volume or extracellular fluid in the body). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can be caused by severe dehydration or blood loss . [ 3 ] [ 2 ] Hypovolemic shock is a medical emergency ; if left untreated, the insufficient blood flow can cause damage to organs , leading to ...
A medical triad is a group of three signs or symptoms, the result of injury to three organs, which characterise a specific medical condition. The appearance of all three signs conjoined together in another patient, points to that the patient has the same medical condition, or diagnosis.
Shock is divided into four main types based on the underlying cause: hypovolemic, cardiogenic, obstructive, and distributive shock. [2] Hypovolemic shock, also known as low volume shock, may be from bleeding, diarrhea, or vomiting. [1] Cardiogenic shock may be due to a heart attack or cardiac contusion. [1]
The trauma triad of death is a medical term describing the combination of hypothermia, acidosis, and coagulopathy. [1] This combination is commonly seen in patients who have sustained severe traumatic injuries and results in a significant rise in the mortality rate . [ 2 ]
Untreated hypovolemia or excessive and rapid losses of volume may lead to hypovolemic shock. [7] Signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock include increased heart rate, low blood pressure, pale or cold skin, and altered mental status. When these signs are seen, immediate action should be taken to restore the lost volume.
Shock is defined as insufficient perfusion or blood flow to organs and body tissue that causes organ and tissue dysfunction, [2] [1] and can be divided into different types depending on the cause and symptoms. A common type of surgical shock is hypovolemic shock, which is often caused by blood loss. [1] [2] Other types of shock include ...
Patients may present with various symptoms ranging from abdominal pain to more severe manifestations such as hypovolemic shock. The classic symptom complex of flank pain, and flank mass, and hypovolemic shock is referred to as the Lenk triad and is seen in a small subset of patients. [3]
Hypotension and hypovolemic shock are the main symptoms of an adrenal crisis. Other symptoms include weakness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, fever, fatigue, abnormal electrolytes, confusion, and coma. Laboratory testing may detect low sodium, high potassium, high lymphocyte count, high eosinophils, low blood sugar, and rarely high calcium. The ...