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Open-end fund (or open-ended fund) is a collective investment scheme that can issue and redeem shares at any time. An investor will generally purchase shares in the fund directly from the fund itself, rather than from the existing shareholders.
One notable component of the expense ratio of U.S. funds is the "12b-1 fee", which represents expenses used for advertising and promotion of the fund. 12b-1 fees are paid by the fund out of mutual fund assets and are generally limited to a maximum of 1.00% per year (.75% distribution and .25% shareholder servicing) under FINRA Rules. [7]
Open-end funds called mutual funds and ETFs are common. As of 2019, the top 5 asset managers accounted for 55% of the 19.3 trillion in mutual fund and ETF investments. [ 13 ] However, for active management , the top 5 account for 22% of the market, with the top 10 accounting for 30% and the top 25 accounting for 39%. [ 13 ]
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Most mutual funds and exchange-traded funds available to retirement investors are open-end funds. Learn the difference between open-end and closed-end funds.
The Scottish American Investment Trust, founded in 1873, was one of the first funds to invest in American securities and help finance the post-Civil War U.S. economy. This established a link between British fund models and U.S. markets. The first mutual fund, or open-end fund, was introduced in Boston in 1924 by the Massachusetts Investors Trust.
An umbrella fund is a collective investment scheme that exists as a single legal entity but has several distinct sub-funds which, in effect, are traded as individual investment funds. [1] In UK law, the concept is defined in Section 756B of the Finance Act 2004 [ 2 ] and is central to the structuring, taxation and regulation of small funds ...
A money market fund (also called a money market mutual fund) is an open-end mutual fund that invests in short-term debt securities such as US Treasury bills and commercial paper. [1] Money market funds are managed with the goal of maintaining a highly stable asset value through liquid investments, while paying income to investors in the form of ...