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Hypertext, in semiotics, is a text which alludes to, derives from, or relates to an earlier work or hypotext (a subsequent of a hypotext). [1]For example, James Joyce's Ulysses could be regarded as one of the many hypertexts deriving from Homer's Odyssey; Angela Carter's "The Tiger's Bride" can be considered a hypertext which relates to an earlier work, or hypotext, the original fairy-story ...
Its hypertext is situated along a linear axis. With a straight path from beginning to end, it is fairly easy for the reader to follow. An example of an axial hypertext fiction is The Virtual Disappearance of Miriam. Arborescent hypertext fiction is more complex than the axial form. Its hypertext has a branching structure which resembles a tree ...
Hypotextuality or hypertextuality is the relation between a text and a preceding 'hypotext' – a text or genre on which it is based but which it transforms, modifies, elaborates or extends. Examples are parody, spoof, sequel, and translation. In information technology, hypertextuality is a text that takes the reader directly to other texts. [2]
For example, Homer's Odyssey could be regarded as the hypotext for James Joyce's Ulysses. The word was defined by the French theorist Gérard Genette as follows "Hypertextuality refers to any relationship uniting a text B (which I shall call the hypertext) to an earlier text A (I shall, of course, call it the hypotext ), upon which it is ...
James Joyce's 1922 novel Ulysses bears an intertextual relationship to Homer's Odyssey.. Julia Kristeva coined the term "intertextuality" (intertextualité) [13] in an attempt to synthesize Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics: his study of how signs derive their meaning from the structure of a text (Bakhtin's dialogism); his theory suggests a continual dialogue with other works of literature and ...
The six factors of an effective verbal communication. Each corresponds to a communication function (not displayed in this picture). [1] Roman Jakobson defined six functions of language (or communication functions), according to which an effective act of verbal communication can be described. [2] Each of the functions has an associated factor.
Some other web examples of hypertext fiction include Stuart Moulthrop's Hegirascope (1995, 1997), The Unknown (which won the trAce/Alt X award in 1998), The Company Therapist (1996–1999) (which won Net Magazine's "Entertainment Site of the Year"), and Caitlin Fisher's These Waves of Girls (2001) (which won the ELO award for fiction in 2001).
The Shannon–Weaver model has been influential in the fields of communication theory and information theory. [90] [94] However, it has been criticized because it simplifies some parts of the communicative process. For example, it presents communication as a one-way process and not as a dynamic interaction of messages going back and forth ...