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[clarification needed] Therefore, an effective rescue team will be trained with multiple technical disciplines. [citation needed] In Canada, the standard for professional rescue is the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 1006). This standard is used by the fire service and other professional public service rescue agencies.
This standard contains two separate chapters that define the required knowledge, skills and abilities for surface water rescue (Chapter 11) and swift water rescue (Chapter 12). The use of the terms Awareness, Operational and Technician have been replaced by two levels of qualification: Level I and Level II. According to page 12 of NFPA 1006:
NFPA 1006 (Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Search and Rescue Incidents) is a standard published by the National Fire Protection Association which identifies the minimum job performance requirements (JPRs) for fire service and other emergency response personnel who perform technical rescue operations.
National Fire Protection Association standards NFPA 1006 and NFPA 1670 state that all rescuers must have a minimum of first aid (infection control, bleeding control, shock management) and CPR training to perform any technical rescue operation, including cutting the vehicle itself during an extrication.
The first responder level of emergency medical training is also often required for police officers, rescue squad personnel, and search and rescue personnel. Many first responders have location specific training such as water rescue or mountain rescue and must take advanced courses to be certified (i.e. lifeguard).
The NFPA 1710 further defined special operations as "Special operations include water rescue, extrication, hazardous materials, confined space entry, highangle rescue, aircraft rescue and fire fighting, and other operations requiring specialized training". [1] They are highly trained firefighters that do technical rescue operations.
A firefighter driving his department vehicle was swept into the ocean in Malibu when caught by a wild mudslide as fire-ravaged sections of Los Angeles were pounded by a powerful rain storm.
Many heavy rescue vehicles carry equipment for responses to multiple-casualty incidents, chemical spills and other situations. Some rescue vehicles carry specialized rescue tools for all kinds of technical rescues including rope, water rescue equipment, various cutting and prying tools and other equipment useful in all kinds of rescue situations.