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  2. Reflex arc - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflex_arc

    A reflex arc, then, is the pathway followed by nerves which (a.) carry sensory information from the receptor to the spinal cord, and then (b.) carry the response generated by the spinal cord to effector organs during a reflex action. The pathway taken by the nerve impulse to accomplish a reflex action is called the reflex arc.

  3. Baroreflex activation therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroreflex_activation_therapy

    Baroreflex activation therapy is an approach to treating high blood pressure and the symptoms of heart failure. It uses an implanted device to electrically stimulate baroreceptors in the carotid sinus region. This elicits a reflex response through the sympathetic and vagal nervous systems that reduces blood pressure.

  4. Baroreflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroreflex

    The ability of baroreflex activation therapy to reduce sympathetic nerve activity suggests a potential in the treatment of chronic heart failure, because in this condition there is often intense sympathetic activation and patients with such sympathetic activation show a markedly increased risk of fatal arrhythmias and death. [citation needed]

  5. Baroreceptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroreceptor

    This sensory information is used primarily in autonomic reflexes that in turn influence the heart cardiac output and vascular smooth muscle to influence vascular resistance. [1] Baroreceptors act immediately as part of a negative feedback system called the baroreflex [ 2 ] as soon as there is a change from the usual mean arterial blood pressure ...

  6. Autonomic dysreflexia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomic_dysreflexia

    Reflex activation then results in systemic vasoconstriction below the spinal cord disruption. This peripheral arterial vasoconstriction and hypertension activates the baroreceptors . There is a resultant parasympathetic surge originating in the central nervous system which inhibits the sympathetic outflow.

  7. Reflex bradycardia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflex_bradycardia

    Reflex bradycardia is a bradycardia (decrease in heart rate) in response to the baroreceptor reflex, one of the body's homeostatic mechanisms for preventing abnormal increases in blood pressure. In the presence of high mean arterial pressure , the baroreceptor reflex produces a reflex bradycardia as a method of decreasing blood pressure by ...

  8. Lazarus sign - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_sign

    Like the knee jerk reflex, the Lazarus sign is an example of a reflex mediated by a reflex arc—a neural pathway which passes via the spinal column but not through the brain. As a consequence, the movement is possible in brain-dead patients whose organs have been kept functioning by life-support machines , precluding the use of complex ...

  9. Pathophysiology of heart failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_heart...

    The main pathophysiology of heart failure is a reduction in the efficiency of the heart muscle, through damage or overloading. As such, it can be caused by a wide number of conditions, including myocardial infarction (in which the heart muscle is starved of oxygen and dies), hypertension (which increases the force of contraction needed to pump blood) and cardiac amyloidosis (in which misfolded ...

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