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An impact attenuator, also known as a crash cushion, crash attenuator, or cowboy cushion, is a device intended to reduce the damage to structures, vehicles, and motorists resulting from a motor vehicle collision. Impact attenuators are designed to absorb the colliding vehicle's kinetic energy.
An anti-intrusion bar or beam is a passive safety device, installed in most cars and other ground vehicles, which must protect passengers from side impacts. [1] Side impacts are particularly dangerous for two reasons: a) the location of impact is very close to the passenger, who can be immediately reached by the impacting vehicle; b) in many side-impact accidents, the impacting vehicle may be ...
This is a list of auto parts, which are manufactured components of automobiles.This list reflects both fossil-fueled cars (using internal combustion engines) and electric vehicles; the list is not exhaustive.
A crash test illustrates how a crumple zone absorbs energy from an impact. Road Maintenance Truck Impact Attenuator, Auckland, New Zealand Extent of the crumple zones (blue) and the driver's safety cell (red) of an E217 series train The crumple zone on the front of these cars absorbed the impact of an offset head-on collision.
Home Depot U. S. A., Inc. v. Jackson, 587 U.S. ___ (2019), was a United States Supreme Court case which determined that a third-party defendant to a counterclaim submitted in a state-court civil action cannot remove their case to federal court. The Court explained, in a 5–4 decision, that although a third-party counterclaim defendant is a ...
The 2007 Delica D:5 is built around Mitsubishi's next-generation RISE unibody design (GS platform).It employs a "rib bone frame" design that uses closed-section joins to link the pillars, roof bows and underfloor cross members in hoops at the pillars and the rear door opening to realize significant improvements in body rigidity and durability as well as to provide better crashworthiness.
A similar method like this was used in the late 1930s by Buick and by Hudson's bathtub car in 1948, which used helical springs that could not take fore-and-aft thrust. The Hotchkiss drive , invented by Albert Hotchkiss, was the most popular rear suspension system used in American cars from the 1930s to the 1970s.
A perimeter frame with full support, which supports the lower control arms, steering rack, engine, transmission, and possibly the full suspension, commonly used in front-wheel-drive cars. Subframes are typically made of pressed steel panels that are thicker than body shell panels and are welded or spot-welded together.