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In population genetics, the founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population. It was first fully outlined by Ernst Mayr in 1942, [ 1 ] using existing theoretical work by those such as Sewall Wright . [ 2 ]
The following other wikis use this file: Usage on be.wikipedia.org Эфект заснавальніка; Usage on bs.wikipedia.org Efekt osnivača
Population bottleneck followed by recovery or extinction. A population bottleneck or genetic bottleneck is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events such as famines, earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, and droughts; or human activities such as genocide, speciocide, widespread violence or intentional culling.
The founder effect occurs when a small group from one population splits off and forms a new population, often through geographic isolation. This new population's allelic frequency is probably different from the original population's, and will change how common certain alleles are in the populations.
A mind map is a diagram used to visually organize information into a hierarchy, showing relationships among pieces of the whole. [1] It is often based on a single concept, drawn as an image in the center of a blank page, to which associated representations of ideas such as images, words and parts of words are added.
The founder effect is a special case of a population bottleneck, occurring when a small group in a population splinters off from the original population and forms a new one. The random sample of alleles in the just formed new colony is expected to grossly misrepresent the original population in at least some respects. [ 44 ]
The diagram consists of a set of words and arrows. Causal loop diagrams are accompanied by a narrative which describes the causally closed situation the CLD describes. Closed loops, or causal feedback loops, in the diagram are very important features of CLDs because they may help identify non-obvious vicious circles and virtuous circles.
I suggest that both the founder and bottleneck effects be merged with genetic drift as subtitles. As Jheald suggested, the article "founder population" should become a part of the description of the founder effect (perhaps as part of the effects of a single founder event).-E. D. Sperry 21:51, 24 March 2006 (UTC)