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Heme (American English), or haem (Commonwealth English, both pronounced /hi:m/ HEEM), is a ring-shaped iron-containing molecular component of hemoglobin, which is necessary to bind oxygen in the bloodstream. It is composed of four pyrrole rings with 2 vinyl and 2 propionic acid side chains. [1] Heme is biosynthesized in both the bone marrow and ...
A heme transporter is a protein that delivers heme to the various parts of a biological cell that require it.. Heme is a major source of dietary iron in humans and other mammals, and its synthesis in the body is well understood, but heme pathways are not as well understood.
Heme B or haem B (also known as protoheme IX) is the most abundant heme. [1] Hemoglobin and myoglobin are examples of oxygen transport proteins that contain heme B. The peroxidase family of enzymes also contain heme B. The COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes (cyclooxygenase) of recent fame, also contain heme B at one of two active sites.
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Haem or Heme carrier protein 1 (HCP1) was originally identified as mediating heme-Fe transport although it later emerged that it was the SLC46A1 folate transporter. [2] [3]HCP1 is a protein found in the small intestine that plays a role in the absorption of dietary heme, a form of iron that is only found in animal products.
Heme A (or haem A) is a heme, a coordination complex consisting of a macrocyclic ligand called a porphyrin, chelating an iron atom. Heme A is a biomolecule and is produced naturally by many organisms. Heme A, often appears a dichroic green/red when in solution, is a structural relative of heme B, a component of hemoglobin, the red pigment in blood.
Heme B is an essential cofactor in many proteins and enzymes. In particular, heme b plays a key role as the oxygen carrier in hemoglobin in red blood cells and myoglobin in muscle cells. Furthermore, heme B is found in cytochrome b , a key component in Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex III) in oxidative phosphorylation .
In enzymology, a heme-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.41) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + H 2 O + hemein ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + phosphate + hemeout The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP , H 2 O , and heme , whereas its 3 products are ADP , phosphate , and heme .