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Python syntax and semantics. A snippet of Python code with keywords highlighted in bold yellow font. The syntax of the Python programming language is the set of rules that defines how a Python program will be written and interpreted (by both the runtime system and by human readers). The Python language has many similarities to Perl, C, and Java ...
In Python, == compares by value. Python's is operator may be used to compare object identities (comparison by reference), and comparisons may be chained—for example, a <= b <= c. Python uses and, or, and not as Boolean operators. Python has a type of expression named a list comprehension, and a more general expression named a generator ...
Sorting a set of unlabelled weights by weight using only a balance scale requires a comparison sort algorithm. A comparison sort is a type of sorting algorithm that only reads the list elements through a single abstract comparison operation (often a "less than or equal to" operator or a three-way comparison) that determines which of two elements should occur first in the final sorted list.
Priority queue. In computer science, a priority queue is an abstract data type similar to a regular queue or stack abstract data type. Each element in a priority queue has an associated priority. In a priority queue, elements with high priority are served before elements with low priority. In some implementations, if two elements have the same ...
In computer programming, foreach loop (or for-each loop) is a control flow statement for traversing items in a collection. foreach is usually used in place of a standard for loop statement. Unlike other for loop constructs, however, foreach loops [1] usually maintain no explicit counter: they essentially say "do this to everything in this set ...
A graph exemplifying merge sort. Two red arrows starting from the same node indicates subdivision, while two green arrows ending in the same node corresponds to an execution of the merge algorithm. The merge algorithm plays a critical role in the merge sort algorithm, a comparison-based sorting algorithm. Conceptually, the merge sort algorithm ...
Curve fitting. Process of constructing a curve that has the best fit to a series of data points. Fitting of a noisy curve by an asymmetrical peak model, with an iterative process (Gauss–Newton algorithm with variable damping factor α). Curve fitting[1][2] is the process of constructing a curve, or mathematical function, that has the best fit ...
In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves as a collection of elements with two main operations: Pop, which removes the most recently added element. Additionally, a peek operation can, without modifying the stack, return the value of the last element added.