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  2. Phase diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_diagram

    The solidliquid phase boundary can only end in a critical point if the solid and liquid phases have the same symmetry group. [5] For most substances, the solidliquid phase boundary (or fusion curve) in the phase diagram has a positive slope so that the melting point increases with pressure.

  3. Phase transition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_transition

    A small piece of rapidly melting solid argon shows two concurrent phase changes. The transition from solid to liquid, and gas to liquid (shown by the white condensed water vapour). Other phase changes include: Transition to a mesophase between solid and liquid, such as one of the "liquid crystal" phases.

  4. Phase (matter) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_(matter)

    A typical phase diagram for a single-component material, exhibiting solid, liquid and gaseous phases. The solid green line shows the usual shape of the liquidsolid phase line. The dotted green line shows the anomalous behavior of water when the pressure increases. The triple point and the critical point are shown as red dots.

  5. Triple point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_point

    A typical phase diagram.The solid green line applies to most substances; the dashed green line gives the anomalous behavior of water. In thermodynamics, the triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. [1]

  6. Liquidus and solidus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidus_and_solidus

    The solidus is the locus of temperatures (a curve on a phase diagram) below which a given substance is completely solid (crystallized). The solidus temperature specifies the temperature below which a material is completely solid, [2] and the minimum temperature at which a melt can co-exist with crystals in thermodynamic equilibrium.

  7. State of matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_matter

    A phase transition indicates a change in structure and can be recognized by an abrupt change in properties. A distinct state of matter can be defined as any set of states distinguished from any other set of states by a phase transition. Water can be said to have several distinct solid states. [7] The appearance of superconductivity is ...

  8. Lipid bilayer phase behavior - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_bilayer_phase_behavior

    The solid phase is commonly referred to as a “gel” phase. All lipids have a characteristic temperature at which they undergo a transition ( melt ) from the gel to liquid phase. In both phases the lipid molecules are constrained to the two dimensional plane of the membrane, but in liquid phase bilayers the molecules diffuse freely within ...

  9. Sublimation (phase transition) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublimation_(phase_transition)

    Comparison of phase diagrams of carbon dioxide (red) and water (blue) showing the carbon dioxide sublimation point (middle-left) at 1 atmosphere. As dry ice is heated, it crosses this point along the bold horizontal line from the solid phase directly into the gaseous phase. Water, on the other hand, passes through a liquid phase at 1 atmosphere.