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  2. Models of communication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Models_of_communication

    Many models of communication include the idea that a sender encodes a message and uses a channel to transmit it to a receiver. Noise may distort the message along the way. The receiver then decodes the message and gives some form of feedback. [1] Models of communication simplify or represent the process of communication.

  3. Source–message–channel–receiver model of communication

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source–message–channel...

    The source–message–channel–receiver model is a linear transmission model of communication. It is also referred to as the sender–message–channel–receiver model, the SMCR model, and Berlo's model. It was first published by David Berlo in his 1960 book The Process of Communication.

  4. Two-step flow of communication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-step_flow_of_communication

    The two-step flow of communication model hypothesizes that ideas flow from mass media to opinion leaders, and from them to a wider population. It was first introduced by sociologist Paul Lazarsfeld et al. in 1944 [4] and elaborated by Elihu Katz and Lazarsfeld in 1955 [5] and subsequent publications. [6]

  5. Channel capacity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_capacity

    Feedback capacity is the greatest rate at which information can be reliably transmitted, per unit time, over a point-to-point communication channel in which the receiver feeds back the channel outputs to the transmitter. Information-theoretic analysis of communication systems that incorporate feedback is more complicated and challenging than ...

  6. A Mathematical Theory of Communication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Mathematical_Theory_of...

    This work is known for introducing the concepts of channel capacity as well as the noisy channel coding theorem. Shannon's article laid out the basic elements of communication: An information source that produces a message; A transmitter that operates on the message to create a signal which can be sent through a channel

  7. Lasswell's model of communication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasswell's_model_of...

    A model of communication is a simplified presentation that aims to give a basic explanation of the process by highlighting its most fundamental characteristics and components. [16] [8] [17] For example, James Watson and Anne Hill see Lasswell's model as a mere questioning device and not as a full model of communication. [10]

  8. Communication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 23 January 2025. Transmission of information For other uses, see Communication (disambiguation). "Communicate" redirects here. For other uses, see Communicate (disambiguation). There are many forms of communication, including human linguistic communication using sounds, sign language, and writing as well ...

  9. Shannon–Weaver model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon–Weaver_model

    But their model is intended as a general model that can be applied to any form of communication. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] For a regular face-to-face conversation, the person talking is the source, the mouth is the transmitter, the air is the channel transmitting the sound waves, the listener is the destination, and the ear is the receiver.