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Stanford psychologist Roger Shepard (March 2019), who first published this paradox in 1990. Shepard first published this optical paradox in his 1990 book Mind Sights (page 79) giving it the name "L'egs-istential Quandary". [2] It is the first entry in his chapter on "Figure-ground impossibilities".
The infinitely dense gravitational singularity found as time approaches an initial point in the Big Bang universe is an example of a physical paradox.. A common paradox occurs with mathematical idealizations such as point sources which describe physical phenomena well at distant or global scales but break down at the point itself.
Examples include the Renninger negative-result experiment, [1] the Elitzur–Vaidman bomb-testing problem, [2] and certain double-cavity optical systems, such as Hardy's paradox. In quantum computation such measurements are referred to as counterfactual quantum computation, [3] an idea introduced by physicists Graeme Mitchinson and Richard Jozsa.
Hooper's paradox is a falsidical paradox based on an optical illusion. A geometric shape with an area of 32 units is dissected into four parts, which afterwards get assembled into a rectangle with an area of only 30 units.
The lighthouse paradox is a thought experiment in which the speed of light is apparently exceeded. The rotating beam of light from a lighthouse is imagined to be swept from one object to shine on a second object. The farther the two objects are away from the lighthouse, the farther the distance between them crossed by the light beam.
Some of the major unsolved problems in physics are theoretical, meaning that existing theories seem incapable of explaining a certain observed phenomenon or experimental result. The others are experimental, meaning that there is a difficulty in creating an experiment to test a proposed theory or investigate a phenomenon in greater detail.
Quantum time reversal seemed impossible due to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, but scientists finally fit the classic square peg into the quantum round hole.
The comparison with Zeno's paradox is due to a 1977 article by Baidyanath Misra & E. C. George Sudarshan. The name comes by analogy to Zeno's arrow paradox, which states that because an arrow in flight is not seen to move during any single instant, it cannot possibly be moving at all. In the quantum Zeno effect an unstable state seems frozen ...