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The original procedure of the Robinson annulation begins with the nucleophilic attack of a ketone in a Michael reaction on a vinyl ketone to produce the intermediate Michael adduct. Subsequent aldol type ring closure leads to the keto alcohol, which is then followed by dehydration to produce the annulation product.
Cyclohexanone is produced by the oxidation of cyclohexane in air, typically using cobalt catalysts: [11]. C 6 H 12 + O 2 → (CH 2) 5 CO + H 2 O. This process forms cyclohexanol as a by-product, and this mixture, called "KA Oil" for ketone-alcohol oil, is the main feedstock for the production of adipic acid.
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This process coforms cyclohexanone, and this mixture ("KA oil" for ketone-alcohol oil) is the main feedstock for the production of adipic acid, used to make nylon. The small cycloalkanes – in particular, cyclopropane – have a lower stability due to Baeyer strain and ring strain.
Borsche–Drechsel cyclization is the central step in Borsche–Drechsel carbazole synthesis, where in the first step phenylhydrazine is condensed with cyclohexanone to form the cyclohexanone phenylhydrazone, and in the final step the resulting tetrahydrocarbazole is oxidized to carbazole itself.
Additionally, the reactivity of two series of ketones are in the orders Cl 3 CCOCH 3 > CH 3 COCH 3 > C 6 H 5 COCH 3 and cyclohexanone > cyclopentanone > cycloheptanone > cyclooctanone. [7] [8] These orders of reactivity are the same as those observed for reactions that are well established as proceeding through nucleophilic attack on a carbonyl ...
The archetypal Beckmann rearrangement [4] is the conversion of cyclohexanone to caprolactam via the oxime. Caprolactam is the feedstock in the production of Nylon 6. [5] The Beckmann solution consists of acetic acid, hydrochloric acid and acetic anhydride, and was widely used to catalyze the rearrangement.
It can be obtained from cyclohexanone by α-bromination followed by treatment with base. Hydrolysis of 3-chloro cyclohexene followed by oxidation of the cyclohexenol is yet another route. Cyclohexenone is produced industrially by catalytic oxidation of cyclohexene, for example with hydrogen peroxide and vanadium catalysts. Several patents ...