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X-ray of Femoral Osteotomy hardware to correct femoral rotation caused by hip dysplasia. X-ray of the right hip in female patient in early thirties. Two main types of osteotomies are used in the correction of hip dysplasias and deformities to improve alignment/interaction of acetabulum – (socket) – and femoral head – (ball), innominate osteotomies and femoral osteotomies.
Bone malrotation refers to the situation that results when a bone heals out of rotational alignment from another bone, or part of bone. It often occurs as the result of a surgical complication after a fracture where intramedullary nailing (IMN) occurs, [1] especially in the femur and tibial bones, but can also occur genetically at birth.
Rotationplasty is also performed on children with congenital femoral deficiencies. Those deficiencies cause "unstable hip joint[s] and a femur that is 50% shorter than the contralateral, normal femur." [6] This procedure gives rotationplasty patients the ability to have the use of both feet and allows them to continue living an active lifestyle.
Surgery: subtrochanteric valgus osteotomy with adequate internal rotation of distal fragment to correct anteversion; common complication is recurrence. If HE angle is reduced to 38 degrees, less evidence of recurrence; post operative spica cast is used for a period of 6–8 weeks. Coxa vara is also seen in Niemann–Pick disease.
High tibial osteotomy is an orthopaedic surgical procedure which aims to correct a varus deformation with compartmental osteoarthritis.Since the inception of the procedure, advancements to technique, fixation devices, and a better understanding of patient selection has allowed HTO to become more popular in younger, more active patients hoping to combat arthritis. [1]
The head of femur, which articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvic bone, composes two-thirds of a sphere. It has a small groove or fovea, connected through the round ligament to the sides of the acetabular notch. The head of the femur is connected to the shaft through the neck or collum. The neck is 4–5 cm. long and the diameter is ...
There are typically four classes (or types) of PFFD, ranging from class A to class D, as detailed by Aitken. [4] [5]Type A — The femur bone is slightly shorter on the proximal end (near the hip), and the femoral head (the ball of the thigh bone that goes into the hip socket) may not be solid enough to be seen on X-rays at birth, but later hardens (ossifies).
Femoropopliteal bypass surgery is mainly used to treat cases of femoral artery blockage that cause more severe symptoms that restrict completion of daily tasks such as peripheral artery disease and claudication, or cases that have not responded well to other treatment options . Before surgery is considered, adjustments are made to lifestyle ...