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  2. Planar graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planar_graph

    A 1-planar graph is a graph that may be drawn in the plane with at most one simple crossing per edge, and a k-planar graph is a graph that may be drawn with at most k simple crossings per edge. A map graph is a graph formed from a set of finitely many simply-connected interior-disjoint regions in the plane by connecting two regions when they ...

  3. Voronoi diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voronoi_diagram

    Let H = {h 1, h 2, ..., h k} be the convex hull of P; then the farthest-point Voronoi diagram is a subdivision of the plane into k cells, one for each point in H, with the property that a point q lies in the cell corresponding to a site h i if and only if d(q, h i) > d(q, p j) for each p j ∈ S with h i ≠ p j, where d(p, q) is the Euclidean ...

  4. Combinatorial map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorial_map

    The concept of a combinatorial map was introduced informally by J. Edmonds for polyhedral surfaces [2] which are planar graphs.It was given its first definite formal expression under the name "Constellations" by A. Jacques [3] [4] but the concept was already extensively used under the name "rotation" by Gerhard Ringel [5] and J.W.T. Youngs in their famous solution of the Heawood map-coloring ...

  5. Glossary of graph theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_graph_theory

    A planar graph is a graph that has an embedding onto the Euclidean plane. A plane graph is a planar graph for which a particular embedding has already been fixed. A k-planar graph is one that can be drawn in the plane with at most k crossings per edge. polytree

  6. Graph theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory

    The crossing number of a graph is the minimum number of intersections between edges that a drawing of the graph in the plane must contain. For a planar graph, the crossing number is zero by definition. Drawings on surfaces other than the plane are also studied.

  7. Phase plane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_plane

    In applied mathematics, in particular the context of nonlinear system analysis, a phase plane is a visual display of certain characteristics of certain kinds of differential equations; a coordinate plane with axes being the values of the two state variables, say (x, y), or (q, p) etc. (any pair of variables).

  8. Molecular graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_graph

    In chemical graph theory and in mathematical chemistry, a molecular graph or chemical graph is a representation of the structural formula of a chemical compound in terms of graph theory. A chemical graph is a labeled graph whose vertices correspond to the atoms of the compound and edges correspond to chemical bonds.

  9. Medial graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial_graph

    Every 4-regular plane graph is the medial graph of some plane graph. For a connected 4-regular plane graph H , a planar graph G with H as its medial graph can be constructed as follows. Color the faces of H with just two colors, which is possible since H is Eulerian (and thus the dual graph of H is bipartite).