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  2. Gas giant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_giant

    Gas giant. A gas giant is a giant planet composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. [1] Jupiter and Saturn are the gas giants of the Solar System. The term "gas giant" was originally synonymous with "giant planet". However, in the 1990s, it became known that Uranus and Neptune are really a distinct class of giant planets, being composed mainly of ...

  3. List of missions to the outer planets - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_missions_to_the...

    It is the only program that visited all four outer planets. A total of nine spacecraft have been launched on missions that involve visits to the outer planets; all nine missions involve encounters with Jupiter, with four spacecraft also visiting Saturn. One spacecraft, Voyager 2, also visited Uranus and Neptune.

  4. Jupiter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter

    Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System.A gas giant, Jupiter's mass is more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined and slightly less than one one-thousandth the mass of the Sun. Jupiter orbits the Sun at a distance of 5.20 AU (778.5 Gm) with an orbital period of 11.86 years.

  5. Solar System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System

    The outer planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, compared to the inner planets Earth, Venus, Mars, and Mercury at the bottom right The four outer planets, called giant planets or Jovian planets, collectively make up 99% of the mass known to orbit the Sun. [h] All four giant planets have multiple moons and a ring system, although only ...

  6. Grand Tour program - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Tour_program

    The Grand Tour is a NASA program that would have sent two groups of robotic probes to all the planets of the outer Solar System. It called for four spacecraft, two of which would visit Jupiter, Saturn, and Pluto, while the other two would visit Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune. The enormous cost of the project, around $1 billion, led to its ...

  7. Saturn - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturn

    Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter. It is a gas giant with an average radius of about nine-and-a-half times that of Earth . [26] [27] It has only one-eighth the average density of Earth, but is over 95 times more massive.

  8. Discovery and exploration of the Solar System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_and_exploration...

    The first probe to explore the outer planets was Pioneer 10, which flew by Jupiter in 1973. Pioneer 11 was the first to visit Saturn, in 1979. The Voyager probes performed a Grand Tour of the outer planets following their launch in 1977, with both probes passing Jupiter in 1979 and Saturn in 1980–1981.

  9. Nice model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nice_model

    Simulation showing the outer planets and planetesimal belt: a) early configuration, before Jupiter and Saturn reach a 2:1 resonance; b) scattering of planetesimals into the inner Solar System after the orbital shift of Neptune (dark blue) and Uranus (light blue); c) after ejection of planetesimals by planets.

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