Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Ethyltoluenes are prepared by alkylation of toluene with ethylene: CH 3 C 6 H 5 + CH 2 =CH 2 → CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH 2 CH 3. These alkylations are catalyzed by various Lewis acids, such as aluminium trichloride. 3- and 4-Ethyltoluenes are mainly of interest as precursors to methylstyrenes: CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH 2 CH 3 → CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH=CH 2 + H 2
Ethyltoluene is produced by ethylation of toluene: CH 3 C 6 H 5 + C 2 H 4 → CH 3 C 6 H 4 C 2 H 5. Over typical acid catalysts, this process gives a mixture of the 2-, 3-, and 4- isomers. Using a modified zeolite catalyst, the alkylation is shape-selective for the 4- isomer. [1] 4-Ethyltoluene is subjected dehydrogenation to give 4 ...
In the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries, the initialism BTX refers to mixtures of benzene, toluene, and the three xylene isomers, all of which are aromatic hydrocarbons. The xylene isomers are distinguished by the designations ortho – (or o –), meta – (or m –), and para – (or p –) as indicated in the adjacent diagram.
Toluene is also found in cigarette smoke and car exhaust. If not in contact with air, toluene can remain unchanged in soil or water for a long time. [39] Toluene is a common solvent, e.g. for paints, paint thinners, silicone sealants, [40] many chemical reactants, rubber, printing ink, adhesives (glues), lacquers, leather tanners, and ...
A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...
This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
The numbers are included in the name to avoid ambiguity about the position of the groups, and "tri" indicates that there are three identical methyl groups. If one of the methyl groups attached to the third carbon atom were instead an ethyl group, then the name would be 3-ethyl-2,3-dimethylpentane.
Structures of the three isomers of tolyl group. In organic chemistry, tolyl groups are functional groups related to toluene. [1] They have the general formula CH 3 C 6 H 4 −R, the change of the relative position of the methyl and the R substituent on the aromatic ring can generate three possible structural isomers 1,2 (ortho), 1,3 (meta), and 1,4 (para).