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  2. List of family name affixes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_family_name_affixes

    -aty Americanized form [citation needed]-aj (pronounced AY; meaning “of the" ) It denotes the name of the family, which mostly comes from the male founder of the family, but also from a place, as in, Lash-aj (from the village Lashaj of Kastrat, MM, Shkodër). It is likely that its ancient form, still found in MM, was an [i] in front of the ...

  3. List of Roman gentes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_gentes

    The gens (plural gentes) was a Roman family, of Italic or Etruscan origins, consisting of all those individuals who shared the same nomen and claimed descent from a common ancestor. It was an important social and legal structure in early Roman history. [1] [2] The distinguishing characteristic of a gens was the nomen gentilicium, or gentile name.

  4. French name - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_name

    The most widespread of these are de (meaning "of"), le or la ("the"), and Du or de La ("of the"). The capitalisation of particules can vary. In France, particles de, le and la are generally not capitalised, but Du and the double de La are. In other countries and languages, capitalisation may follow different rules.

  5. Naming conventions for women in ancient Rome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naming_conventions_for...

    The suffix derived from the word ulla which was the word for a little pit and could be used to denote that the woman in question was a younger relative of someone with the same name, that she was still a little girl, or simply implying affection, for example Cicero's daughter Tullia was called by him "Tulliola" even as an adult despite not ...

  6. Matriarchy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matriarchy

    According to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), matriarchy is a "form of social organization in which the mother or oldest female is the head of the family, and descent and relationship are reckoned through the female line; government or rule by a woman or women."

  7. Gender neutrality in languages with grammatical gender

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_neutrality_in...

    The feminine is often marked with the suffix -a, while masculine is often marked with -o (e.g., cirujano 'male surgeon' and cirujana 'female surgeon'); however, there are many exceptions often caused by the etymology of the word (la mano 'the hand' is feminine and el día 'the day' is masculine). [25]

  8. Matrilineality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrilineality

    In the matrilineal system, the family lived together in a tharavadu which was composed of a mother, her brothers and younger sisters, and her children. The oldest male member was known as the karanavar and was the head of the household, managing the family estate. Lineage was traced through the mother, and the children belonged to the mother's ...

  9. Feminization of language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminization_of_language

    A study of the feminized form of diarolog, known as diarolożka (feminine) found that feminization lead to disadvantageous effects for female applicants. Applicants with a feminized job title were evaluated disadvantageously compared to male applicants and female applicants who retained the masculine form of the job title. [15]