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The number 9. Fear of the number 9 is known as enneaphobia, in Japanese culture; this is because it sounds like the Japanese word for "suffering". [4] [5] The number 13. Fear of the number 13 is known as triskaidekaphobia. The number 17. Fear of the number 17 is known as heptadecaphobia and is prominent in Italian culture. [6] The number 39.
Preface paradox: The author of a book may be justified in believing that all their statements in the book are correct, at the same time believing that at least one of them is incorrect. Problem of evil: (Epicurean paradox) The existence of evil seems to be incompatible with the existence of an omnipotent, omniscient, and morally perfect God.
Physiognomy of the melancholic temperament (drawing by Thomas Holloway, c.1789, made for Johann Kaspar Lavater's Essays on Physiognomy). Melancholia or melancholy (from Greek: µέλαινα χολή melaina chole, [1] meaning black bile) [2] is a concept found throughout ancient, medieval, and premodern medicine in Europe that describes a condition characterized by markedly depressed mood ...
Depression is highly treatable, and according to the National Mental Health Association, over 80 percent of people who seek help get better. You can, too—here are 7 things you should know about ...
Depressive realism is the hypothesis developed by Lauren Alloy and Lyn Yvonne Abramson [1] that depressed individuals make more realistic inferences than non-depressed individuals.
Research suggests that the prevalence of children with major depressive disorder in Western cultures ranges from 1.9% to 3.4% among primary school children. [9] Among teenagers, up to 9% meet criteria for depression at a given moment and approximately 20% experience depression sometime during adolescence. [10]
Some depression rating scales are completed by patients. The Beck Depression Inventory, for example, is a 21-question self-report inventory that covers symptoms such as irritability, fatigue, weight loss, lack of interest in sex, and feelings of guilt, hopelessness or fear of being punished. [11]
The PHQ-9 is the nine-item depression scale found in the 59-item PHQ. The PHQ is a self-administered version of the PRIME-MD, a screening tool that assesses 12 mental and emotional health disorders. [7] It has modules on mood (PHQ-9), anxiety, alcohol, eating, and somatoform disorders. [8]