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Colonization of space was claimed by Stephen Hawking to be the best way to ensure the survival of humans as a species. [2] Other reasons for colonizing space include economic interests, long-term scientific research best carried out by humans as opposed to robotic probes, and sheer curiosity.
Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus. The Soviet Union , followed by the United States , have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970.
The first successful flyby Venus probe was the American Mariner 2 spacecraft, which flew past Venus in 1962, coming within 35,000 km. A modified Ranger Moon probe, it established that Venus has practically no intrinsic magnetic field and measured the temperature of the planet's atmosphere to be approximately 500 °C (773 K ; 932 °F ).
Space colonization (or extraterrestrial colonization) is the settlement or colonization of outer space and astronomical bodies. The concept in its broad sense has been applied to any permanent human presence in space, such as a space habitat or other extraterrestrial settlements . [ 2 ]
Colonial American astronomy can be traced to the time when the English began colonizing in the New World during the 16th century. They brought with them their interest in astronomy . At first, astronomical thought in America was based on Aristotelian philosophy .
The European Space Agency has officially adopted two new space missions to study Venus from its atmosphere to inner core and to search for gravitational waves.
The first private space mission to another planet could launch as early as next year, carrying a robotic space probe to Venus to scan its clouds for chemicals
First space walk/extra-vehicular activity (Alexei Leonov). USSR Voskhod 2: March 1965: First crewed spacecraft to change orbit. USA (NASA) Gemini 3: 14 July 1965: First flyby of Mars (returned pictures). USA (NASA) Mariner 4 [18] 14 July 1965: First photographs of another planet from deep space . USA (NASA) Mariner 4 [18] 26 November 1965