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The crown of a woody plant (tree, shrub, liana) is the branches, leaves, and reproductive structures extending from the trunk or main stems. Shapes of crowns are highly variable. The major types for trees are the excurrent branching habit resulting in conoid shapes and decurrent (deliquescent) branching habit, resulting in round shapes.
In biology, the canopy is the aboveground portion of a plant cropping or crop, formed by the collection of individual plant crowns. [1] [2] [3] In forest ecology, the canopy is the upper layer or habitat zone, formed by mature tree crowns and including other biological organisms (epiphytes, lianas, arboreal animals, etc.). [4]
An alternative definition does not require any members of a crown group to be extant, only to have resulted from a "major cladogenesis event". [6] The first definition forms the basis of this article. Often, the crown group is given the designation "crown-", to separate it from the group as commonly defined.
c) the width of the crown spread is greater than or equal to twice the vertical thickness of the crown. Many of the live oak trees do not have a perfectly round crown foot print. One axis of the tree will be broader than the perpendicular axis. If these values are relatively close, simply averaging the two axis to obtain an average crown spread.
At or on the apex of a structure, usually a shoot, a stem, or the trunk of a tree, e.g. an apical meristem or an apical bud. apiculate especially of leaves, ending in a short triangular point. See also Leaf shape. apiphily A form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by honey bees. apo-A prefix meaning "away from, separate, without ...
The live crown is the top part of a tree, the part that has green leaves (as opposed to the bare trunk, bare branches, and dead leaves). The ratio of the size of a tree's live crown to its total height is used in estimating its health and its level of competition with neighboring trees. [1] This is referred to as the Live Crown Ratio (LCR). [1]
Canopy of D. aromatica at the Forest Research Institute Malaysia displaying crown shyness Trees at Plaza San Martín (Buenos Aires), Argentina. Crown shyness (also canopy disengagement, [1] canopy shyness, [2] or inter-crown spacing [3]) is a phenomenon observed in some tree species, in which the crowns of fully stocked trees do not touch each other, forming a canopy with channel-like gaps.
A tree fork is a bifurcation in the trunk of a tree giving rise to two roughly equal diameter branches. These forks are a common feature of tree crowns. The wood grain orientation at the top of a tree fork is such that the wood's grain pattern most often interlocks to provide sufficient mechanical support.