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The rivers deposit very fine particles of soil in different parts of India. This type of soil is widespread in the Northern Plains of India. Alluvial soils are rich in humus as they are deposited by three important monkey river of Himalayas, Indus River, Ganges and Brahmaputra River.
In India, two-thirds of the region is part of western Rajasthan, extending to the west of Aravalli Hills and rest form parts of Haryana, Punjab and Gujarat. The region has an average elevation of 325 m (1,066 ft) which reduces from east to west, reaching about 150 m (490 ft) towards the Indus delta and the Rann of Kutch .
The geology of India is diverse. Different regions of the Indian subcontinent contain rocks belonging to different geologic periods, dating as far back as the Eoarchean Era. Some of the rocks are very deformed and altered. Other deposits include recently deposited alluvium that has yet to undergo diagenesis.
In any doab, khadar land (green) lies next to a river, while bangur land (olive) has greater elevation and lies further from the river. Khādir or Khadar and Bangar, Bāngur or Bhangar (Hindi language: खादर और बांगर, Urdu languageکهادر اور بانگر) are terms used in Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi and Sindhi in the Indo-Gangetic plains of North India and Pakistan to ...
The banks are high between the layers of old alluvial deposits, hardened mud, gravels of nodular limestone and sand. The width of the river spans from about 1.5 km (0.9 mi) at Makrai to 3 km (1.9 mi) near Bharuch and to an estuary of 21 km (13.0 mi) at the Gulf of Cambay. An old channel of the river, 1 km (0.6 mi) to 2 km (1.2 mi) south from ...
The seasonal deposits are extremely fertile and crucial to subsistence farming in the Amazon Basin along the river banks. Alluvium (from Latin alluvius, from alluere 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings.
The geological structure of the region consists of old and new alluvium, both of which constitute alluvial deposits of mainly sand, clay, silt, gravels and coarse fragments. The new alluvium is renewed every year by fresh deposits brought down by active streams, which engage themselves in fluvial action.
Soils in India can be classified into eight categories: alluvial, black, red, laterite, forest, arid and desert, saline and alkaline and peaty and organic soils. [ 89 ] [ 90 ] Alluvial soil constitute the largest soil group in India, constituting 80% of the total land surface. [ 90 ]